Active substance (dermatological)

Active ingredients

Maximum concentration

Remarks

Aciclovir

5%

alclometasone 17,21-dipropionate

0,5%

Acriflavinium chloride

2%

obsolete!

Allantoin

0,2-3%

Allethrin I

0,6%

Aluminium acetate, basic

1,5-10%

Aluminium chloride hexahydrate

10-25%

Amcinonide

0,1%

Ammonium bituminosulfonate (Ichthyol)

10-50%

Amorolfine hydrochloride

0,25-5%

amphotericin B

3%

Anthrarobin

3%

Problems with the pharmaceutical stability of the substance!

Azelaic acid

15-20%

Azulen

0,2%

no longer used in dermatics!

Bacitracin

500 IU/g

Bamipine HCl

2%

Benzalkonium chloride

0,5%

Benzoic acid

6%

obsolete!

Benzocaine

5-10%

Benzoyl peroxide

3-10%

Benzyl alcohol

2-5%

Benzyl benzoate

10-25%

betamethasone 17-valerate

0,15

betamethasone 17,21-dipropionate

0,1

betamethasone 17-benzoate

0,025%

no longer used in Germany!

Bifonazole

1%

Brilliant green

0,5%

unclear benefit-risk assessment; contaminated with heavy metals!

Bufexamac

5%

Calcipotriol

0,005%

Calcium Chloride

5%

Capsaicin

1%

(0.05% according to NRF)

Cetylpyridinium chloride x 2 H2O

1,0%

Cetylpyridinium chloride x 6 H2O

2,0%

Chloramine T

0,25-10%

Chloramphenicol

2%

Chlorhexidine digluconate

1%

Chlorocresol

0,2-1,5%

obsolete!

Chlorphenoxamine-HCl

1,5%

Chlorquinaldol

3%

in Germany not used in dermatics!

Chlortetracycline-HCl

3%

Chrysarobin

5%

obsolete!

Ciclopiroxolamine

1%

Ciclosporin

2%

Clemastine fumarate

0,04%

clindamycin-2-dihydrogen phosphate

1,2%

Clioquinol

3%

clobetasol-17-propionate

0,05%

Clobetasone butyrate

0,05%

clocortolone-21-acetate

0,03-0,1%

no longer used in Germany!

Clocortolone-21-hexanoate (= Clocortolone-21-caproate)

0,03-0,1%

no longer used in Germany!

clocortolone-21-pivalate

0,03-0,1%

in Germany no longer used in dermatics!

Clotrimazole

1%

Croconazole-HCl

1%

Crotamiton

5-10%

Dequalinium chloride

0,4%

Dequalinium salicylate

1%

not used in Germany!

deoximetic acid

0,25%

Dexamethasone

0,1%

Dexpanthenol

5%

Dextranomer

64%

not used in Germany!

diflorasone-17,21-acetate

0,05%

diflucortolone-21-valerate

0,1-0,3%

Dimeticon

10%

Dimetine maleate

0,1%

Diphenhydramine HCl

2%

Dithranol

0,1-3,0%

Econazole

1%

not used in dermatics!

Econazole Nitrate

1%

Erythromycin

4%

Estradiol

0,1%

(0.015% according to NRF)

Estriol

0,1%

Ethacridine lactate

1%

Eucalyptol

10%

Fenticonazole nitrate

2%

flumetasone-21-pivalate

0,02%

Fluocinoline acetonide

0,025%

Fluocortolone-21-hexanoate (= Fluocortolone-21-caproate)

0,25%

Fluorouracil

5%

fluprednide-21-acetate

0,1%

Fluticasone propionate

0,05%

Fomocaine HCl

4%

Foscarnet Sodium

2%

Framycetin sulfate

2%

Fusidic acid

2%

Gentamicin sulphate

0,2%

Reserve antibiotic!

Griseofulvin

5%

Halometason

0,05%

Urea

10-40%

Hexachlorophen

1-3%

Hydrargyrum sulf. rubr.

10%

obsolete! negative evaluation of mercury compounds!

hydrocortisone

1%

Hydrocortisone aceponate

0,127%

hydrocortisone 17-butyrate

0,1%

hydrocortisone 21-acetate

1%

Hydrocortisone buteprate

0,1%

hydrocortisone 21-butyrate

0,1%

Hydroxyquinoline sulfate

1%

Idoxuridine

0,2%

Isoconazole

1%

not used in dermatics!

Isoconazole Nitrate

1%

Isotretinoin

0,1%

Potassium iodide

35%

Ketoconazole

2%

Lidocaine HCl

5%

Liq. alum. acet.

10-20%

Liquor carbonis detergens

10%

(20% according to NRF)

meclocycline-5-sulfosalicylate

1,5%

Menthol

0,1-10%

Merbromine

2%

in Germany no longer used in dermatics!

Methylprednisolone

0,25%

Methylprednisolone aceponate

0,1%

methyl salicylate

4-50%

Metronidazole

2%

(3% according to NRF)

Miconazole Nitrate

2%

Lactic acid

5%

Miltefosine

6%

Mometason-17-(2-fuorat)

0,1%

Mupirocin-Calcium

2,15%

Naftifin-HCl

1%

Natamycin

2%

Sodium bituminosulfonate

10%

Sodium chloride

10%

Neomycin sulfate

0,5%

Benzyl nicotinate

0,3-10%

Nitrofurazone

0,2%

Nystatin

100 000 IU/g

Omoconazole nitrate

1%

in Germany there is no dermatological product with this active ingredient on the market anymore!

oxiconazole nitrate

1,15%

Oxytetracycline-HCl

3%

Peru Balsam

10%

allergenic! obsolete!

Pheniramine hydrogen maleate

1,25%

in Germany no longer used in dermatics!

Phenolum liquefactum

1%

must no longer be applied to the skin or oral mucosa!

Piperonyl butoxide

3%

pix betulinae

5%

pix juniperi

5%

pix lithanthracis

10%

Polidocanol

8%

polymyxin B

0,2%

Polyvidon Iodine

10%

Prednicarbate

0,25%

Prednisolone

0,25-0,5%

Prednisolone acetate

0,5%

Procaine HCl

2%

Pyrogallol

2%

Quinisocaine

0,5%

Resorcin

5%

negative benefit-risk assessment! should no longer be prescribed!

Salicylic acid

10%

Sulphur

10%

Selenium disulfide

2,5%

Sertaconazole Nitrate

2%

Silver nitrate

10%

Sorbic acid

0,1%

Sulfadiazine Silver

1%

Sulphisomidine

5%

negative benefit-risk assessment due to sensitization!

Tannin

20%

Terbinafine HCl

1%

Testosterone propionate

2%

Tetracaine HCl

0,5%

Tetracycline-HCl

3%

Thymol

2%

Tiabendazole

10%

Tioconazole

1%

Tobramycin

0,3%

Tolciclat

1%

Tolnaftat

1%

Tretinoin

0,1%

triamcinolone acetonide

0,1%

Trifluridine

2%

Tromantadine HCl

1%

Tyrothricin

0,1%

Undecylenic acid

2%

Vidarabin

3%

Zinc oxide

25%

Zinc undecylenate

10%

Active substance

Optimum stability (pH value)

Remarks

Aluminium chloride hexahydrate

2,3-3,5

Betamethasone dipropionate

4

light sensitive

betamethasone 17-valerate

3,5

first isomerisation, then hydrolysis of the ester

Chloramphenicol

7,4

in borate buffer

2-7

only 30 days stable at room temperature

Chlorhexidine digluconate

5-8

Optimum effect: pH 8

Clindamycin dihydrogen phosphate

3,5-6,5

Clioquinol (e.g. Vioform)

weakly acidic

sensitive to light and moisture

clobetasol-17-propionate

4-6

Hydrolysis

Clotrimazole

7-8

Hydrolysis at pH < 5

dexamethasone

3,5

side chains at alkaline pH; sensitive to oxidation

Dexpanthenol

3-7

Dithranol (e.g. cignoline)

weakly acidic

sensitive to oxidation: oxidation protection with salicylic acid required

Erythromycin

8,5

Decomposition at acidic pH values within a few hours

Ethacridine-lactate (e.g. Rivanol)

light sensitive

Gentamicin sulfate

2-14

in buffer solutions; optimum effect at pH 7.8

Urea

6,2

Add lactate buffer from the NRF

Hexachlorophen *

5-6

bactericidal; bacteriostatic at pH 8

Hydrocortisone

6-7

photostable in the presence of metal ions, oxygen and light

Hydrocortisone acetate

4,5

photostable in the presence of metal ions, oxygen and light; hydrolysis of the ester

Metronidazole

5

Nystatin

5-7

light-sensitive; aqueous solution can be kept in the refrigerator for 1 week

Oxytetracycline-HCl

2

Optimum effect: pH 5.5-6.5

Prednisolone

6-7

physically unstable: crystal formation in water-rich media; photostable: UV light (ring A)

Prednisolone acetate

4,5

Hydrolysis of the ester

Resorcin *

unstable when exposed to light and air; stabilizers in ointments are e.g. ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol

Tetracaine HCl

3-4-6

Tetracycline-HCl

Optimum effect: pH 6.1-6.6; in water-containing vehicles, can be kept in the refrigerator for 7 days

Tretinoin

5

unstable when exposed to light and air; antioxidant addition required; crystallinity

Triamcinolone acetonide

7

Ketal residue of the compound is cleavable by acids

Triclosan

5

effective in the range pH 4-8; bactericidal effective at pH 5 (optimum effect!); bacteriostatic effective at pH 8

vitamin A palmitate

4-6

more stable than acetate