Synonym(s)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Skin manifestations characterized by eosinophilic infiltrates of the skin (accompanying insect bites, drug reactions, atopic dermatitits or other neoplastic or immmunological misreactions) and/or by hematoeosinophilia.
Eosinophilia is the elevation of the normal value of eosinophilic granulocytes in blood (normal value: 2-4% or 50-500/µl) or tissues. Hematoeosinophilia is present when the absolute number of eosinophils of 500/µl is exceeded (> 50% of total leukocytes).
The formerly used term "hypereosinophilia" (> 1500/µl) is no longer in use and is only used nomenclatorically in the so-called hypereosinophilia syndrome.
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
- Primary eosinophilia:
- clonal eosinophilia
- idiopathic eosinophilia.
- Secondary eosinophilia:
- reactive eosinophilia.
- Primary eosinophilias include clonal and idiopathic forms. Clonal eosinophilias are predominantly hematologic neoplasms or myelodysplastic and -proliferative disorders.
- Reactive (or secondary) eosinophilias include all conditions in which a short-term or persistent eosinophilia always occurs in association with a detectable disease (e.g., parasitic disease, malignant tumors) or cause (e.g., drugs) of nonclonal origin. Numerous other dermatologic diseases are also classified here.
The following is a list of diseases that are constantly or inconstantly accompanied by blood eosinophilia:
- Allergic diseases (forms of atopic diseases):
- Atopic eczema
- Asthma, allergic (see below bronchial asthma)
- Rhinoconjunctivitis allergica
- Netherton 's syndrome (see below Ichthyosis linearis circumflexa) - often combined with atopic diseases
- Urticaria (inconstant, no leading symptom)
- Erythema exsudativum multiforme (inconstant).
- Parasitic diseases (especially when the parasites or their secretions penetrate into the tissue):
- Worm infections (for an overview see anthelmintics below)
- Epizoonoses ( scabies, pediculosis, pulicosis, trombidiosis, cereal scabies)
- Insect bites caused by hymenoptera.
- Infectious and parainfectious diseases:
- Special fungal infections ( aspergillosis, coccidioidomycosis)
- Diseases caused by protozoa (see zoonoses below)
- Various viral infections ( HIV infection, measles, ringworm)
- Scarlet fever
- Spotted fever
- Acrodermatitis papulosa eruptiva infantilis (Gianotti-Crosti syndrome).
- Blistering dermatoses:
- Diseases of the pemphigus group (see below Pemphigus)
- Diseases of the pemphigoid group (see below Pemphigoid)
- Dermatitis herpetiformis (inconstant, often only histoeosinophilia)
- Incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger) (eosinophilia constant in the blister stage)
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome (eosinophilia inconstant).
- Diseases of the hematopoietic system:
- Hypereosinophilia syndrome (high eosinophilia is obligate).
- Hypereosinophilic dermatitis (high eosinophilia is obligate).
- Episodic angioedema with eosinophilia (Gleich syndrome; constant and marked eosinophilia)
- Eosinophilic leukemia
- Erythroderma (with evidence of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
- cutaneous B-cell lymphoma
- cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
- Myeloma
- lymphogranulomatosis, malignant
- Mastocytosis
- Histiocytoses, Langerhans cell histiocytoses (e.g. eosinophilic granuloma).
- Collagenoses:
- Eosinophilic fasciitis (constant)
- Eosinophilic myalgia syndrome (toxic-oil syndrome)
- Dermatomyositis (inconstant)
- Scleroderma, systemic (rather rare).
- Vasculitides:
- Arteritis temporalis (inconstant)
- Churg-Strauss syndrome
- Polyarteritis nodosa, systemic (inconstant)
- Vasculitis, leukocytoclastic (non-IgA-associated) (mostly histoeosinophilia)
- Wegener's granulomatosis (eosinophilia may be excessive).
- Endocrine disorders:
-
Immunodeficiencies:
- Episodic angioedema with eosinophilia
- Selective IgA defect
- Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
- Sarcoidosis (in about 25% of patients)
- Hyper-IgE syndrome (regular and pronounced).
- Various other diseases:
- As a paraneoplastic syndrome (e.g., in various solid tumors).
- Carcinomas of the colon, stomach, ovary, pancreas, cervix uteri, and thyroid; bronchial carcinomas.
- DRESS
- Dermatitis, exudative discoid lichenoid (oid-oid disease).
- Panniculitis, pancreatic
- Behçet, M.
- Pustulosis, sterile eosinophilic
- Post scale azar dermatosis
- Omenn syndrome
- Hypermelanosis, nevoid, striate and whorl-shaped
- Cellulitis, eosinophilic (Wells syndrome)
- Kimura's disease (angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia)
- Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome
- Episodic angioedema with eosinophilia (Gleich syndrome; constant and marked eosinophilia)
- Erythema neonatorum.
- As a paraneoplastic syndrome (e.g., in various solid tumors).
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Occurrence/EpidemiologyThis section has been translated automatically.
DiagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.
- Medical history (allergies, atopy, family history, medication, vaccinations, travel history)
- Physical examination (which organs are involved, skin, heart, lungs, GIT)
- Laboratory: blood count, ECP, stool tests (parasites), prick, RAST
Notice! A eosinophile count > 1500/ul is rather unusual for allergic diseases. The constellation of haematoeosinophilia and non-specific skin symptoms requires haematological clarification.
Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.
A rearrangement of the genes of the "platelet-derived growth-factor receptor" (PDGFR) alpha and beta can be detected in various clonal hemato-eosinophilia. By inhibition of certain cytoplasmic tyrosinases ( imatinib) influenced by this receptor, primary eosinophilia can be successfully treated.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Wozel G (2007) Eosinophilia dermatoses. dermatologist 58: 347-360
Incoming links (10)
Angioedema episodic with eosinophilia; Dasatinib; Dermadrome; Dipylidiasis; Hypereosinophilia syndrome; Imatinib; Isosporiasis; Pustulose sterile eosinophils; Tyrosine kinase inhibitors; Worm infections skin signs;Outgoing links (61)
Addison's disease; Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis; Angioedema episodic with eosinophilia; Anthelmintics; Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome; Aspergillosis; Atopic dermatitis (overview); Behçet's disease; Bronchial asthma (overview); Cellulite eosinophils; ... Show allDisclaimer
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