Isoniazid
Synonym(s)
INAH; INH; Isoniazidium; Isonicotinic acid hydrazide
Definition
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Half-life
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2.2-7.5 h (slow acetylators), 0.6-2 h (fast acetylators) S.a. under N-acetyltransferases
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Indication
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Agent of choice in tuberculosis, only in combination therapies (rapid development of resistance in monotherapy).
Limited indication
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Disorders of hematopoiesis.
Dosage and method of use
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5 mg/kg bw/day p.o. or i.v. for at least 6 months. Children: 10-15 mg/kg bw.
Remember! During pregnancy a combination with ethambutol and rifampicin is possible!
Undesirable effects
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Fever, BB changes, gynecomastia, gastrointestinal disorders, liver damage, allergic reactions, drug-induced lupus erythematosus, headaches, dizziness, paresthesias, arthralgias.
Interactions
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s. Table 1.
Contraindication
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Psychoses, epilepsy, liver and kidney diseases.
Preparations
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Isozide, Tebesium
Tables
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Significant interactions of isoniazid
Alcohol |
Alcohol Tolerance ↓ |
Antiepileptic drugs |
Effect of the antiepileptic drugs ↑ |
β blocker |
Isoniazid mining ↓ |
Carbamazepine |
Carbamazepine levels ↑ |
Insulin |
Isoniazid levels ↑ |
Phenytoin |
Phenytoin effect ↑ |
protionamide |
Protionamide levels ↑ |
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Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer
