Interleukin-2 therapy
Synonym(s)
Thymocyte mitogenic protein (TMP); Thymocyte stimulating factor (TSF)
Definition
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Half-life
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85 minutes.
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Pharmacodynamics (Effect)
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Proliferation and differentiation of a number of T cell subgroups and natural killer cells via an autocrine and paracrine mechanism.
Indication
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Metastatic renal cell carcinoma, metastatic malignant melanoma, AIDS. Inhaled for isolated lung metastases.
Dosage and method of use
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1 mg/m2 KO over 4-5 days each as a 24-hour infusion, repeated after 1 and 3 weeks of rest. Inhaled starting with 18 million IU divided into three doses/day, then 27 million IU, finally 36 million IU as maintenance dose/day divided into three single doses.
Notice! Women and men are not allowed to father children under the therapy and must practice effective contraception, as the preparation is not approved for patients of reproductive age! Caution is advised in patients with cardiovascular (monitoring of ECG and blood pressure) pulmonary diseases, altered state of consciousness, reduced liver or kidney function!
Undesirable effects
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50% of treated patients develop thyroid antibodies with subsequent hypothyroidism. Also possible: reactivation of psoriasis, allergic reactions, cardiomyopathy (after high doses), flu-like symptoms, bronchospasm, BB changes, acidosis, TIA, apoplexy, capillary leak syndrome, gastrointestinal disorders, nephritis, cardiac arrhythmia, depression, dizziness, neuralgia, visual, hearing or taste disorders.
Interactions
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s. Table 1.
Contraindication
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Pregnancy, lactation, severe heart disease, pO2 < 60 mm Hg, severe infections, severe organ disorders, hypersensitivity to human protein, brain metastases, children and adolescents, patients of reproductive age of both sexes except in case of strict contraception.
Preparations
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Proleukin
Literature
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- Garces S et al (2002) Capillary leakage syndrome: a case report and a review. Allerg Immunol (Paris). 34: 361-364
Tables
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Major interactions of Interleukin 2
Antihypertensives |
RR waste ↑ |
Folinic acid |
Interleukin 2 effect ↑ |
Glucocorticoids |
Interleukin 2 effect ↓ |
Interferons |
Interleukin 2 effect ↑ |
X-ray contrast medium |
Risk of allergic reactions ↑ |
Cytostatics |
Interleukin 2 effect ↑ |
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Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer