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Turpentine oil

Authors: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer, Prof. Dr. med. Martina Bacharach-Buhles

All authors of this article

Last updated on: 08.07.2025

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Synonym(s)

Balsamic turpentine oil; genuine turpentine oil; Oleum terebinthinae; pine oil; Terebinthinae aetheroleum rectificatum; Turpentine; Turpentine oil cleaned

Definition
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Turpentine oil is obtained by steam distillation from the soft resin of Pinus species. When turpentine oil and water are completely extracted from the resin, the rosin remains.

Quality is defined in the European Pharmacopoeia.

Commission E: chronic bronchial diseases, rheumatic, neuralgic complaints

Ingredients
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Essential oil with 70-80% alpha-pinene, 10-20% beta-pinene; in lower concentrations limonene (see also dipentene), terpineol, camphene, carnene, longiforene, beta-caryophyllene and other terpenes.

Effects
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Hyperemic, antiseptic

Field of application/use
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Inhalation: For inhalation, add 3-5 drops to 200 ml of hot water and inhale the vapors. Caution with inflamed airways!

External: Rubbing in undiluted turpentine oil is possible. Also used in ointments, creams, emulsions and oils.
Internal use is not recommended.

Limited indication
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Hypersensitivity to other essential oils.

Undesirable effects
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Poisoning symptoms in case of overdose, excessive application - especially kidney and CNS!

Contraindication
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Allergy or hypersensitivity

Not for inflammation of the respiratory tract.

Recipe(s)
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The fixed combination of camphor + eucalyptus oil + purified turpentine oil consists of:

It has a light antispasmodic, antiseptic, hyperemic and sputum stimulating effect. In addition, this combination has a secretolytic, respiratory, bronchospasmolytic, tonic effect on the patient's circulation and is used for catarrhal diseases of the respiratory tract and for muscle and joint pain in non-inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Trade names
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Babix-Inhalat® (external), Kytta® rheumatism bath, Leukona® rheumatism bath N, trauma ointment Rödler® 302 N, Tussamag® cold balm N

Note(s)
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Turpentine oil is often used as a thinner and solvent for paints. Only purified (= rectified) turpentine oil should be used medicinally.

Toxic systemic side effects can occur when the agents are applied over large areas (effects of alpha and beta-pinene)