Active ingredients, photoinstable
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Active ingredients or excipients in extemporaneous preparations or finished medicinal products which change under the influence of UV radiation and may therefore be responsible for loss of active ingredient, reduction in quality and effectiveness and for the formation of phototoxic degradation products.
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
Overview of photostable active ingredients and excipients used in external magisterial and finished medicinal products:
- Acriflavinium chloride
- Ethacridine lactate
- amphotericin B
- Anthrarobin
- Ascorbic acid
- Bacitracin
- Benzocaine
- basic bismuth gallate
- Benzyl alcohol
- Benzyl benzoate
- Betamethasone dipropionate
- betamethasone 17-valerate
- Propolis
- Butylhydroxytoluene
- Butylhydroxyanisole
- 8-quinolinol sulfate
- Chloramine
- Chloramphenicol
- Chlorhexidine acetate
- Chlorocresol
- Chlorquinaldol
- Chlortetracycline
- Ciclopirox
- Clioquinol
- clobetasol-17-propionate
- Cremophores
- Dexamethasone
- Dexpanthenol
- Dithranol
- Erythromycin
- Estradiol
- Estradiol benzoate
- Ethacridine lactate
- unsaturated fats
- Fluocinolone acetonide
- 5-fluorouracil
- Fox
- Gentian violet
- Hexachlorophen
- Hydroquinone
- Hydrocortisone
- Hydrocortisone acetate
- Potassium hydroxyquinoline sulphate
- Ketoconazole
- Lidocaine HCl
- Macrogolsorbitan fatty acid esters
- Methoxsalen
- 2-naphthol
- Neomycin sulfate
- Nystatin
- Oxytetracycline
- Phenol
- Phenylathyl alcohol
- Podophylline
- Polyacrylic acid sodium
- Prednisolone
- prednisolone 21 acetate
- Prednisone
- Progesterone
- Resorcin
- Salicylic acid
- Sesame Oil
- Silver nitrate
- Sorbine nitrate
- Sulfonamides
- Tannin
- Testosterone propionate
- Tetracaine HCl
- Tetracycline-HCl
- tocopherol acetate
- Tretinoin
- Triethanolamine
- triamcinolone acetonide
- Wool Wax
General informationThis section has been translated automatically.
The photo-instability of active ingredients is a stability problem in magistral and finished drugs which should not be neglected. In principle, a distinction can be made between primary and secondary photodecomposition of active ingredients and excipients:
- In primary photoreactions, active ingredient molecules absorb energy in the form of photons. The excited energy-rich molecules can release the absorbed energy by fluorescence, heat radiation, energy transfer or in the form of chemical energy by a chemical reaction, among other things, and thus influence the stability of a formulation.
- In secondary or photosensitized photo-decompositions, non-active substance molecules, e.g. excipients or synthetic impurities, absorb energy and transfer it to drug molecules, which then decompose.