Sulfonamides

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

Last updated on: 07.10.2021

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Bacteriostatically active chemotherapeutic agents, e.g. DADPS, sulfadiazine or cotrimoxazole.

Pharmacodynamics (Effect)This section has been translated automatically.

Antimetabolites (competitive inhibitors) of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), the key enzyme in folic acid synthesis.

Limited indicationThis section has been translated automatically.

Desiccosis, newborns, thyroid dysfunction.

Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.

Flu-like symptoms, pneumonia, BB changes, oligospermia, gastrointestinal disorders, jaundice, hepatitis, oliguria, nephrotic syndrome, allergic reactions, purpura, photosensitization, drug-induced LE, induction of panarteritis nodosa, DDS syndrome, cross-allergy with sulfonylureas, thiazides and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, myocarditis, cyanosis, fatigue, headache, neuropathy, visual and hearing disturbances, dizziness, arthralgias, myopathies.

InteractionsThis section has been translated automatically.

See Table 1.

ContraindicationThis section has been translated automatically.

Pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, anemia, currently erythema exsudativum multiforme or toxic epidermal necrolysis, hemoglobin abnormalities, ileus, severe liver damage, leukopenia, acute hepatic porphyria, renal failure.

TablesThis section has been translated automatically.

Significant interactions of sulfonamides

Barbiturates	Blood formation disorders
Benzocaine	Sulfonamide effect ↓
Chloramphenicol	Blood formation disorder
Clofazemin	Sulfonamide effect ↓
Daunorubicin	Hyperuricemia
Didanosine	Sulfonamide effect ↓
Doxorubicin	Hyperuricemia
Contraceptives, oral	Contraception ↓
Methotrexate	MTX toxicity ↑
Phenytoin	Phenytoin levels ↑
Primaquine	Agranulocytosis
Probenecid	Sulfonamide toxicity ↑
Pyrimethamine	mutual effect ↑ (combination only recommended for toxoplasmosis)
Rifampicin	Sulfonamide effect ↓
Sulfonylureas	Hypoglycemia
Theophylline	Theophylline plasma levels ↑
Trimethoprim	Trimethoprim plasma mirror ↑

Authors

Last updated on: 07.10.2021

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer