Chloramphenicol
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Synthetically produced broad-spectrum antibiotic that no longer plays a significant therapeutic role.
Half-lifeThis section has been translated automatically.
1,5–5 h
Pharmacodynamics (Effect)This section has been translated automatically.
Inhibition of protein biosynthesis by reversible binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Bacteriostatic against Gram-positive and Gram-negative germs.
Notice! No resistance against Propionibacterium acnes known.
Spectrum of actionThis section has been translated automatically.
Bacillus anthracis, Bacteroides spp., Branhamella catarrhalis, Citrobacter diversus, Clostridium perfringens, Coxiella burneti, Enterobacter spp., Fusobacterium spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Neisseria meningitidis, Peptostreptococcus spp., Rickettsia spp., Staph. aureus, Yersinia pestis.
IndicationThis section has been translated automatically.
- Cream/Ointment: Pyoderma, impetigo, impetiginized dermatoses and eczema.
- Eye drops/ointment: conjunctivitis or keratitis with chloramphenicol-sensitive pathogens.
Dosage and method of useThis section has been translated automatically.
- Eye drops or ointments: Apply 1 trp. or 0,5-1 cm ointment every 2 hours in each conjunctival sac, application period max. 2 weeks
- Cream or solution: Apply thinly 2-3 times/day.
Notice! High risk of sensitization by topical application! Only in exceptional cases apply for longer than 1-2 weeks!
Standard concentrationThis section has been translated automatically.
- 0.25-1% in eye drops or ointments.
- 1-2% in cream or solution.
ContraindicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Pregnancy, especially 3rd trimester, lactation, blood formation disorders (aplastic anaemia, panmyelopathy, haemolytic icterus), amphenicol intolerance, intermittent porphyria acuta, severe liver dysfunction, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, favism.
PreparationsThis section has been translated automatically.
Posifenicol C 1% eye ointment; Aquapred N eye drops (combined preparation with prednisolone); Ichthoseptal Lsg. and Ichthoseptal ointment (combined preparation with sodium bituminosulfonate)