Synonym(s)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Substances that attenuate or cancel the effects of histamine by reversible binding to histamine receptors.
The H1-antagonists are distinguished:
- Sedating H1 antagonists (1st generation):
- Non-sedating H1 antagonists (2nd generation):
Pharmacodynamics (Effect)This section has been translated automatically.
Competitive inhibition of H1 receptors, diaminooxidase inhibition, inhibition of potassium leakage from the cells. Histamine-mediated effects such as vasodilation, increased vascular permeability via inhibition of the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, Il-8,IL-13 from mast cells and the expression of the adhesion molecule P-selectin from endothelial cells are inhibited. The spectrum of action of H1 antihistamines thus includes anti-allergic and antiphlogistic effects.
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IndicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.
Sedation (inability to drive! with the H1 antagonists), dry mouth (due to anticholinergic effect), gastrointestinal disorders, central nervous disorders. The photosensitizing potency of the newer non-sedating antihistamines is not proven.
InteractionsThis section has been translated automatically.
ContraindicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.
- Does any form of heart disease already exist? If so, an antihistamine with little or no interaction with the cardiac potassium channels should be chosen.
- Is there a co-medication with the following preparations: macrolides, opiates, imidazoles, psychotropic drugs, anti-malaria drugs? If so, an accurate re-evaluation of the medication should be carried out and the combination of QT time prolonging preparations should be done carefully and only if strictly indicated.
- Are there other risk factors such as liver diseases, electrolyte shifts, special potassium-rich diets? If so, treatment of the underlying diseases and strict indication for the prescription of the antihistamine.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Netzwerk aktuell (2006) Photosensitization through antihistimanics. Medication telegram 37: 60