Ross river virus infection B33.1
Synonym(s)
Epidemic polyarthritis; Ross River Fever; ross river infection; RR
History
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Nimmo, 1928; Doherty et al., 1963
Definition
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Infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes with the Ross-River-Virus (endemo-epidemic arbovirose).
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Pathogen
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Ross River Virus; genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae, belonging to the Semliki Forest complex; belonging to the family Arboviroses.
Occurrence/Epidemiology
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- Endemo-epidemic spread, sporadic cases and small and large epidemics are possible. Occurrence in Southeast Australia, New Caledonia, New Guinea and in the entire Pacific region. Antibodies have also been detected in Solomon Islands, Moluccas and Vietnam.
- Risk of infection: ca.3%. Morbidity: approx. 1.5%. Major outbreak in 1979/1980 on the Fiji Islands, Samoa, Tonga, Cook Islands.
Etiopathogenesis
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Transmission by Aedes and Culex mosquitoes. The virus reservoir (in Australia horses and marsupials (kangaroos) is not known for sure. The virus gets through the skin into the synovial cells, multiplies in mononuclear cells, creates toxic exudates that cause the pseudorheumatic complaints and exanthema.
Manifestation
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Adolescents and adults usually fall ill more frequently and severely than children. Mainly occurring in the months December to June.
Clinic
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Incubation period: 3-9 days. Febrile myalgia and severe arthralgia (large joints) and joint effusions. Maculopapular exanthema ( viral exanthema) on extremities and trunk. Slow convalescence.
Diagnosis
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Serum antibodies (ELISA, immunofluorescence).
Differential diagnosis
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O'nyong-nyong; Chikungunya; dengue fever; other alpha and flavivi roses; rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disease.
Therapy
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Symptomatic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Prophylaxis
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Mosquito protection and control.
Literature
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- Doherty RL, Whitehead RIF, Gorman BM, O'Gower K (1963) The isolation of a third group A arbovirus in Australia, with preliminary observations on its relationship to epidemic polyarthritis. Aust J Sci 26: 183-184
- Nimmo JR (1928) An unusual epidemic. Med J Aust 1: 549-550
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Disclaimer
Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.
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Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer