CCR10

CCR10 stands for:C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 10. CCR10 is involved in the recruitment and infiltration of immune cells, particularly lymphocytes, in epithelia such as skin via binding to two ligands, CCL27 and CCL28. CCR10-CCL27 interactions are involved in T cell-mediated skin inflammation(Homey et al. 2002).

Apart from homeostatic function, several mechanisms have been shown to dysregulate CCR10/CCL27-CCL28 expression in the tumor microenvironment (Mergia Terefe E et al. 2022). These receptors and ligands mediate T cell trafficking in the tumor microenvironment. Depending on the type of lymphocyte recruited, the CCR10/CCL27-CCL28 interaction has been shown to play opposing roles in carcinogenesis. If the cells are T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, and natural killer cells, the role of this axis would be tumor suppressive. In contrast, if CCR10/CCL27-CCL28 recruited regulatory T cells or myeloid-derived suppressor cells, this would lead to tumor progression. In addition to lymphocyte and immune cell migration, CCR10 also leads to tumor cell or endothelial cell migration (angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis) to promote tumor metastasis. In addition, CCR10 signaling triggers tumor-promoting signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, leading to tumor cell growth.

Chemokines are a group of small (approximately 8 to 14 kD), mostly basic, structurally related molecules that regulate cell transport of various types of leukocytes through interactions with a subset of G-protein-coupled 7-transmembrane receptors. Chemokines also play a fundamental role in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system and have effects on cells of the central nervous system and on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. Chemokines are divided into two major subfamilies, CXC and CC, based on the arrangement of the first two of the four conserved cysteine residues; the two cysteines are separated by a single amino acid in CXC chemokines and are adjacent in CC chemokines.

1. Homey B et al (2002) CCL27-CCR10 interactions regulate T cell-mediated skin inflammation. Nat Med 8:157-165.
2. Mergia Terefe E et al (2022) Roles of CCR10/CCL27-CCL28 axis in tumor development: mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and perspectives. Expert Rev Mol Med 24:e37.
3. Xia M et al. (2014) CCR10 regulates balanced maintenance and function of resident regulatory and effector T cells to promote immune homeostasis in the skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 134:634-644.