Synonym(s)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
ANCA is an acronym for "antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibodies", a collective term for cytoplasmic(lysosomal) antigens in neutrophil granulocytes. Cytoplasmatic antigens (cANCA) and perinuclear antigens (pANCA; e.g. myeloperoxidase) are distinguished on the basis of the fluorescence pattern and localisation within the cell.
General informationThis section has been translated automatically.
According to the pattern generated by indirect immunofluorescence on human leukocytes can be categorized as follows:
- cANCA (cytoplasmic ANCA; PR3-ANCA): directed against proteinase-3 (e.g. in granulomatosis with polyangiitis = Wegener's granulomatosis)
- pANCA (perinuclear ANCA; MPO-ANCA): Directed against peroxidases of myeloid cells (see below Churg-Strauss syndrome, microscopic polyangiitis). Optional in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease.
- xANCA (atypical ANCA): Directed against elastase, lactoferrin, lysozyme, cathepsin G (autoimmune liver diseases, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases).
Normal value: The reference range is not detectable
Pathologically elevated: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus, Churg-Strauss syndrome, microscopic panarteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, vasculitis of medium and large vessels.
ImplementationThis section has been translated automatically.
Test material: Serum.
Determination method:
- Indirect IFT: on ethanol-fixed granulocytes
- ELISA with purified antigen: cANCA →neutrale Proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA); pANCA → Myeloperoxidase