Nail dyschromia - Altmeyers Encyclopedia

Synonym(s)

Chloronychia; Nail discoloration

Definition
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Discoloration of the nails due to various causes (see table 1). A distinction is made between exogenous (external influence of colouring substances) and endogenous dyschromas.

Manifestation
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Predisposing factors on the part of the organism are diabetes mellitus and circulatory disorders, external predisposing factors are frequent contact with water and cleaning agents.

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Dermatology

Naevus araneus with characteristic cobweb-like capillary ectasia.

Nevus araneus

Acquired vascular neoplasm with 0.2 to 1.0 cm reticular redness.These are telangiectasias with central arte...

Differential diagnosis
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Yellow-nail syndrome. S.a.u. Nail pigmentation.

Therapy
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Causal, avoidance of the triggering cause.

Tables
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Exogenous and endogenous causes of dyschromas

Exogenous causes	General	Smoking
	Medical applications	Rivanol, silver nitrate, potassium permanganate
	Cosmetics	henna, mercury in bleaching ointments, ingredients of nail polishes, tanning creams
	Professional substances	hairdressing materials, wood polishes, varnishes

Endogenous dyschromia	Toxins	Lead, silver, arsenic
	Drugs	phenothiazines, antimalarials, tetracycline, ketoconazole, gold, cytostatic drugs
	bacteria/fungi	Pseudomonas aeruginosa, scopulariopsis species (green or black nail discoloration)
	Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases	M. M. Wilson, M. Addison, anemia, polycythemia.