Rubber allergy T74.8

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

All authors of this article

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Definition
This section has been translated automatically.

  • A distinction must be made between latex allergy and allergy to rubber additives (vulcanization accelerators, antioxidants, etc.).
  • Latex allergy is usually an IgE-mediated type I reaction (type IV reactions are rarely described; see below allergy). After contact with surgical gloves, examination gloves, household gloves, plasters, respiratory masks, urine bags, intestinal tubes, a reaction occurs in the form of contact urticaria with not infrequent generalisation and even anaphylaxis. Besides skin reactions, mucosal reactions are also possible in indirect contact with latex-containing aerogenic particles (powdered gloves: allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis/bronchial asthma). The sensitization rate of risk groups (e.g. health care workers) to latex or accelerating agents has increased significantly in recent years (3-10%) with the increased use of latex gloves. Cross-reactions exist with food allergens (banana, avocado, kiwi, sweet chestnut) and ficus plants (indoor allergens), e.g. ficus benjamina.
  • Among the contact allergens (type IV), rubber additives are among the most common allergens ( mercaptobenzothiazoles, thiurams, dithiocarbamates, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and others). Occurrence of contact eczema on exposure to rubber materials containing Additiva (gloves, masks, materials containing neoprene, etc.)

Therapy
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  • Avoid the allergen and if necessary change to latex-free and powder-free gloves (see table Gloves and ingredients). It is important to change the latex material during examinations/operations as severe anaphylactic reactions can occur (aerogenic or by direct contact). In case of occupational relevance report to accident insurance companies.
  • Due to the frequency of sensitization and risks associated with anaphylactic reactions, some authors demand that latex gloves (especially powdered ones) be completely avoided. If possible, use of vinyl gloves both professionally and privately, as they are free of latex and additives, see occupational dermatoses.

Tables
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Gloves and ingredients (according to Heese)

Gloves

Thiurame

Carbamates

Benzothiazoles

Thiourea

Latex

Powder

Manufacturer/distribution

Ansell Conform sterile

?

?

o

o

?

o

Ansell

Ansell Conform non-sterile

o

?

?

o

?

o

Ansell

Micro-touch UHS non-sterile

o

?

?

o

?

o

Johnson & Johnson

Micro-touch UHS sterile

o

?

?

o

?

o

Johnson & Johnson

Peha soft sterile

o

?

?

o

?

o

Paul Hartmann

Ansell No Powder Exam

?

?

o

o

?

o

Ansell

Absogel

o

?

?

o

?

o

Unigloves

Flexam powder-free

o

?

?

o

?

o

Baxter

Sempermed Exam glove PF

o

?

?

o

?

o

Semperit

Gentle Skin Anatomy

o

?

o

o

?

o

Meditrade

Gentle Skin

o

?

o

o

?

o

Meditrade

Gads powder-free

o

?

o

o

?

o

Mölnlycke

Regent Biogel D

o

?

o

o

?

o

Emasdi KG

Regent Biogel Diagnostics

o

?

o

o

?

o

Regent Hospitalprod.

Safeskin Durafit

o

?

o

o

?

o

Safeskin

Safeskin powder-free

o

?

o

o

?

o

Safeskin

Safeskin Satin Plus

o

?

o

o

?

o

Safeskin

N-Dex Nitrile-HS

o

o

?

o

o

?

Dr. Korsing/C. Roth

glovex neoderm

o

o

o

o

o

?

Beiersdorf

Vinyl (PVC)-HS

o

o

o

o

o

?

various manufacturers

N-Dex Nitrile-HS powder-free

o

o

?

o

o

o

Dr. Korsing/C. Roth

Vinyl (PVC)-HS powder free

o

o

o

o

o

o

several manufacturers

Xantoglov unpowdered

o

o

o

o

o

o

Bayer AG


Manufacturer and sales addresses of therapeutic alternative disposable gloves

Ansell GmbH, Stahlgruberring 3, 81829 Munich

Baxter GmbH, Edisonstrasse 3-4, 85716 Munich-Unterschleissheim

Becton-Dickinson, Tullastr. 8-12, 69126 Heidelberg

Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, 20253 Hamburg

Sigma Dental Systems - Emasdi GmbH, Heideland 22, 24941 Jarplund-Weding

Paul Hartmann AG, Paul-Hartmann-Str., 89522 Heidenheim

Johnson & Johnson GmbH, Oststrasse 1, 22844 Norderstedt

Dr. K. Korsing GmbH, Robert Perthel Str. 38, 50739 Cologne

Medimex GmbH, Royal row 22, 22041 Hamburg

Rösner-Mautby Meditrade GmbH, Thierseestr. 196, 83088 Kiefersfelden

Mölnlycke Health Care GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 15, 40699 Erkrath

Regent Medical GmbH, Edisonstrasse 5, 63477 Maintal

Carl Roth GmbH & Co, Schoemperlenstr. 3, 76185 Karlsruhe

Safeskin Germany, Loheweg 27, 85375 Neufahrn

Semperit Technische Produkte GmbH, Mühlenstr. 25, 58285 Gevelsberg

Thiele GmbH, Hasselbinnen 26, 22869 Schenefeld

Unigloves Ärzte- u. Klinikbedarf GmbH, Ampérestr. 24, 53844 Troisdorf


Latex free product

Trade name/Product property

Distribution/manufacturer

Suction devices/hoses

nasal aspirator

Baby Nova (Novatex) GmbH, Pattensen

Medena suction connection / set and hose

Medimex GmbH, Hamburg

Respiratory bag

Respiratory bag

Weinmann GmbH & Co KG, Hamburg

Respiratory aids

Güdel tube, Güdel/ spiral tube, endotracheal catheter, endotracheal tubes

Rüsch AG, Waiblingen

Wendl-Tube green

Portex

Ventilation masks

All-round anaesthetic mask

Rüsch AG, Waiblingen

Ventilation mask

Weinmann GmbH & Co KG, Hamburg

Pocket masks

Laerdal Medical

Indwelling catheter

Norta

Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg

Blood pressure cuff

Heine Gamma blood pressure monitors

Heine Optotechnik GmbH & Co KG, Herrsching

Fixation plasters

Vecafix

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Ensure-it catheter fixation dressing

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Mefix i.v.

Mölnlycke GmbH, Erkrath

Mepore sterile/unsterile

Mölnlycke GmbH, Erkrath

Gloves

Vinyl gloves

Dahlhausen & Co GmbH, Cologne

glovex neoderm

Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg

Infusion system

Infusion device P87

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Infusion solutions

out of plastic bags

Braun Shiva B. Gmbh & Co KG, Glandorf

Needles

Sterican

Braun AG, Melsungen

Microlance 3

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Gastric tube

Gastric tube made of PVC

Rüsch AG, Waiblingen

Mouthguard

Medimask

Hartmann AG, Heidenheim

Syringes

Glass syringes, fine dosing syringes, syringes 2-20 ml

Braun AG, Melsungen

Discardit II, Plastipak

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Stethoscope

Classic II S.E.

3M Germany GmbH, Neuss

Stethoscope tube

Rüsch AG, Waiblingen

Tracheostomy tube

Tracheostomy tube (Tracheoquick)

Rüsch AG, Waiblingen

Indwelling venous cannula

Venflon Pro

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Adsyte Pro

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Closing plugs

Combination stopper red/blue, sealing cones red/blue/white

Braun AG, Melsungen

Tongue depressor

wooden mouth spatula

Hartmann AG, Heidenheim

Central Vein Catheter

Careflow

Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg

Literature
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  1. Allmers H et al (1996) Latex sensitization and latex allergen concentration in the air. Allergology 2: 68-70
  2. Bacharach-Buhles M et al (1996) Latex allergy: hand eczema and differential diagnosis. Allergology 2: 75-77
  3. Chowdhury MM et al (2003) Natural rubber latex allergy in a health-care population in Wales. Br J Dermatol 148: 737-740
  4. Recommendation of the interdisciplinary working group (1995) Natural latex allergy. Allergology 5: 248-251
  5. Hepner DL, Castells MC (2003) Latex allergy: an update. Anesth Analg 96: 1219-1929
  6. Pereira C et al (2003) Specific immunotherapy for severe latex allergy. Allerg Immunol (Paris) 35: 217-225
  7. Rustemeyer T et al (1994) Contact allergies in medical professions. dermatologist 45: 834-844
  8. Schürer NY et al (1995) The latex allergy. dermatologist 1995 46: 742-753

Disclaimer

Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020