Rhus dermatitis L23.7

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Synonym(s)

Dermatitis Rhus dermatitis; (e) Rhus dermatitis; (e) Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis; Toxicodendron dermatitis

Definition
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Allergic contact dermatitis on sumac plants, which include Rhus radicans (poison ivy, poison ivy, poison vine), Rhus diversiloba (poison oak), Rhus vernix (poison sumac, poison sumac, etc.) and Rhus quercifolium (poison oak). In the United States, up to 50% of the population is sensitized. The triggering substance is urushiol (CAS No: 53237-59-5), a derivative of pretzel catechol with the molecular formula: C21H32O2.

Occurrence/Epidemiology
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North America.

Manifestation
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Usually occurring 5 hours to 10 days after contact.

Clinical features
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Itchy erythema, hemp-grain-sized papules, blistering, oozing. Dark red, edematous surroundings. Toxic general symptoms are possible. Duration: 2-6 weeks. Chronic forms with years of pruritus and eczema are possible.

Diagnosis
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Differential diagnosis
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External therapy
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Short-term glucocorticoids such as 0.1% triamcinolone cream R259 or 0.1% mometasone (e.g. Ecural fat cream) once/day.

Internal therapy
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In severe cases antihistamines such as desloratadine (e.g. Aerius) 5-10 mg/day or levocetirizine (e.g. Xusal) 5-10 mg/day.

Literature
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  1. Kim Y et al (2019) Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac Dermatitis: What Is Known and What Is New? Dermatitis 30:183-190.
  2. Lofgran T et al (2020) Toxicodendron Toxicity. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
  3. Roth L et al (1984) Plant toxins. In: Roth L et al. (Eds)Poisonous plants, plant allergy. Nikol Publishing Company mbH Hamburg S797-798
  4. Signore RJ (2017) Prevention of poison ivy dermatitis with oral homeopathic rhustoxicodendron. Dermatol Online J 23:13030/qt3rm4r9hk.
  5. Tanner TL (2000) Rhus (Toxicodendron) dermatitis. Prim Care 27:493-502.

Disclaimer

Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020