Tourniquet

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Synonym(s)

Venous insufficiency can be improved

Definition
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A tourniquet (from the French tourner=rotate) is generally understood to be a ligature cuff with which the blood flow in the veins and arteries can be congested or completely interrupted depending on the pressure.

General information
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In phlebological diagnostics (e.g. photoplethysmographic muscle pump test) the Tourniquet is used with low pressure. With a stagnation pressure of at least 80mm Hg reflux in the superficial veins can be prevented. Thus, in case of valve insufficiency, the blood cannot reflux distally. If, after application of a tourniquet, the vein dynamics improve in quantitative photoplethysmography , recognizable by a prolonged (improved) venous filling time, this condition is referred to as "improveable venous insufficiency".

In limb surgery, a pneumatic Tourniquet (similar in appearance and function to a blood pressure cuff) is used to be able to operate in a more targeted manner when there is no blood.

In emergency medicine, the tourniquet can be used to achieve an absolute (temporary) interruption of the arterial blood flow (indication: uncontrolled life-threatening arterial bleeding).

Literature
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  1. Blazek V (2010) Venous Photoplethsymography In: T Noppeney, H Nüllen Diagnosis and therapy of varicosis. Springer Medicine Publishing House Heidelberg S 76 -83
  2. Saliba Júnior OA et al. (2014)Pre- and postoperative evaluation by photoplethysmography in patients receiving surgery for lower-limb varicose veins Int J Vasc Med doi: 10.1155/2014/562782.
  3. Schultz-Ehrenburg U et al (2001) Value of quantitative photoplethysmography for functional vascular diagnostics. Current status and prospects. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 14:316-323.

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020