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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Extract from the bark of the pine tree, mostly from the French maritime pine - Pinus pinaster atlantica.
IngredientsThis section has been translated automatically.
Pine bark extracts contain catechins with a high (85% - 90%) proportion of oligomeric procyanidins (OPC), such as the substance pycnogenol (syn.: leucocyanidin, 4-hydroxycatechin), which determines their effectiveness.
EffectsThis section has been translated automatically.
Pine bark extracts have antioxidant, anti-edematous, antithrombotic, antihypertensive, anti-allergic effects.
Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.
Most available publications refer less to the total extract of pine bark than to the ingredient pykongenol.