Hypoglycaemia E16.2

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 23.11.2021

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Definition
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Blood sugar levels usually drop to values of less than 50 mg/dl in treated diabetics.

Etiopathogenesis
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Dietary errors, vomiting and diarrhoea, alcohol abuse, overdose of insulin or oral antidiabetics, unforeseen physical exertion, increased glucose utilization, e.g. in the case of insulinomas or insulin-producing malignancies.

Clinical features
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Feelings of hunger, tiredness, trembling, tachycardia, headaches, later behavioural disorders, visual disturbances, neurological failures and finally clouding up to coma. Skin symptoms: Rare itching, often hyperhidrosis and paleness.

Therapy
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In case of mild hypoglycaemia oral supply of carbohydrates (e.g. 3-6 sugar cubes, 1-2 tablespoons dextrose, bread, 1-2 glasses of fruit juice), in case of loss of self-control 40-60 ml 40% glucose solution i.v. possibly infusion of 20-40% glucose. Blood glucose levels should be adjusted to about 200 mg/dl.

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Last updated on: 23.11.2021