Glut-1

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus show decreased expression of GLUT1 and decreased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. In the mesangium cell of the renal glomerula there is an increased expression of GLUT1. This leads to increased glucose uptake and excessive production of extracellular matrix in the kidney. Increased pressure in the capillaries of the renal glomerula or an increase in angiotensin II also promotes the expression of GLUT1. This mechanism is thought to be a cause of renal damage caused by hypertension or obesity(nephrosclerosis). GLUT-1 is a specific marker for all developmental stages of infantile hematoma, is further expressed in other benign vascular tumors (e.g. hemangioma, tufted) but also in malignancies such as malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and various adenocarcinomas. Adenocarcinomas.

A congenital defect of the SLC2A1 gene can lead to GLUT1 deficiency (GLUT1 deficit syndrome).

1. Eichhoff OM et al (2010) The immunohistochemistry of invasive and proliferative phenotype switching in melanoma: a case report. Melanoma Res 20:349-355
2. High PH (2012) Hemangiomas. dermatologist 63: 112-120
3. Lokmic Z et al. 2012) Hypoxia and hypoxia signaling in tissue repair and fibrosis. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 296:139-185
4. Jeong CW et al (2012) The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and -2α in Androgen Insensitive Prostate Cancer Cells. Urol Oncol Epub ahead of print
5. Kobayashi M et al (2012) The relationship between GLUT-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression and 18F-FDG uptake in esophageal squamous cell cancer patients. Clin Nucl Med 37:447-452
6. Mihic-Probst D et al (2012) Tumor cell plasticity and angiogenesis in human melanomas. PLoS One 7:e33571 .