Bornholm disease B34.1
Synonym(s)
epidemic myalgia; myalgia epidemica; Pleurodynia
History
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Pickles, 1933
Definition
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Rare complication of a Coxsackievirus infection.
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Pathogen
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Often Coxsackie B viruses (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5); rarely Coxsackie A viruses or echoviruses.
Occurrence/Epidemiology
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Most frequently in infants, toddlers or children < 15 LJ. Epidemic in the summer and autumn months.
Clinic
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- Enanthema, often blisters on the cheek mucosa, palate, uvula and gums.
- General symptoms: fever, headache, vomiting. Myalgia with swelling and pressure sensitivity of the affected muscle groups (especially thorax, back, epigastrium), possibly relieving posture.
Laboratory
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Virus cultivation in culture from throat swab or urine, RT-PCR, ELISA.
Diagnosis
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Lab, histology from muscle biopsy.
Complication(s)(associated diseases
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Pleurodynia, peracute pericarditis, possibly dry pleuritis, myocarditis, encephalitis, rarely paralysis.
Therapy
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Symptomatically with analgesics like paracetamol (e.g. Ben-u-ron Supp.). Infants/children: 2-3 times/day per 125-500 mg, children/teenagers > 14 years: 2-3 times/day per 1000 mg. In case of complications (e.g. pleurodynia) hospitalization.
Progression/forecast
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Generally good, duration of the disease 2-3 days. In severe cases with pleuritis or myocarditis in the first months of life, mortality is 5-10%.
Literature
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- Garrison JA et al (2003) Myalgias and arthralgias associated with paclitaxel. Oncology (Huntingt) 17: 271-277
- Gregory PL et al (2002) Musculoskeletal problems of the chest wall in athletes. Sports Med 32: 235-50
- Pichichero M et al (1998) Clinical and economic impact of enterovirus illness in private pediatric practice. Pediatrics 102: 1126-1134
- Pickles W (1933) Bornholm disease. BMJ 2: 1178
- Romero JR (1999) Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction detection of the enteroviruses. Arch Pathol Lab Med 123: 1161-1169
Recommended articles
Incoming links (3)
Coxsackie virus infections; Myalgia epidemica; Testicular atrophy, postinfectious;Disclaimer
Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.
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Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer