Hazelnut allergy T78.0, T 78.1, L27.-

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

All authors of this article

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Dieser Artikel auf Deutsch

Synonym(s)

Cor a 1; Cor a 14; Cor a 8; Cor a 9; Hazelnut oil

Definition
This section has been translated automatically.

Pollen allergy: Allergologically hazelnut pollen plays an important role (see tree pollen). Pollinosis is often already noticeable in January. The main allergens of hazelnut pollen are the proteins Cor a1 and Cor a 8.

Food allergy: Allergic reactions to the hazelnuts themselves manifest themselves with increasing frequency (about 40% of patients with food allergy). Sensitization to Bet-v 1 homologous proteins such as Ara h 5 and Ara h 8 is usually due to cross-reactions with pollen allergens. Sensitization to Ara h 9 a non-specific lipid transfer protein is considered a secondary food allergen (especially in Mediterranean countries). Primary sensitization is usually via Pru p3 a peach major allergen.

Classification
This section has been translated automatically.

Previously identified and accepted allergens of Corylus avellana:

  • Cor a 1 pathogenesis-related protein, PR-10, Bet v 1 family member: Bet v 1-associated cross-reaction; sensitization occurs by Bet v 1. clinically rare reactions
  • Cor a 2(Profilin-associated)
  • Cor a 6 Isoflavone reductase homologue
  • Cor a 8 Non-specific lipid transfer protein: cross allergen, indicator of primary sensitization by other proteins of the lipid transfer protein group
  • Cor a 9 11S storage protein (leguminous): marker allergen, indicator of risk sensitization. The question of a cross-reaction with Cor a 11 is not conclusively clarified.
  • Cor a 10 Luminal binding protein
  • Cor a 11 7S storage protein (vicilin-like); was found in a study especially in infants who developed systemic reactions after consumption.
  • Cor a 12 Oleosin
  • Cor a 13 Oleosin
  • Cor a 14 2S Albumin: Major allergen; indicator of risk sensitization.

Etiopathogenesis
This section has been translated automatically.

Allergic reactions are acquired by patients with pollinosis to early flowering trees ( birch, alder, copper beech, alder) due to a structural similarity between the allergens of these tree pollen and hazelnut. Food sensitizations to hazelnut allergens (especially Cor a 9, Cor a 14) are often simultaneously sensitized to peanut allergens (Ara h 2).

Clinical features
This section has been translated automatically.

Hazelnut allergy clinic:

  • oral allergy syndrome (about 30%)
  • acute allergic urticaria (about 30%)
  • Bronchospasm (about 15%)
  • anaphylactic shock (about 7%)
  • Nausea and vomiting (about 7%).
  • Hazelnuts are widely used in various preparations as a food. Hazelnut oil is a high-quality edible oil and is also used in oil painting and in the perfume industry. Hazelnut oils (especially cold-pressed oils) can also cause allergic reactions. In the case of purified, highly refined oils, the allergens are usually heat denatured or removed by filtering processes.

Literature
This section has been translated automatically.

  1. Etesamifar M, Wüthrich B (1998) IgE-mediated food allergies in 383 patients under consideration of the oral allergy syndrome Allergology 21: 451-457
  2. Fuhrman C et al (2007) Short-term effect of pollen exposure on antiallergic drug consumption. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 99: 225-231
  3. Eller E et al (2016) Cor a 14 is the superior serological marker for hazelnut allergy in children
    ,independent of concomitant peanut allergy.allergy 71:556-562.
  4. Gang K et al (2016) Marker allergens and panallergens in tree and pollen allergy. In: Kleine-Tebbe JK et al (Hrsg) Molecular allergy diagnostics. Springer Publishing House GmbH S177-204
  5. Hofer Th, Wüthrich B (1985) Food allergies. II. Frequency of organ manifestations and allergy-causing foods. Switzerland Med Weekly 115: 1437-1442
  6. WHO/IUS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee

Disclaimer

Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020