Leukemia, monocyte leukemiaC92.7

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Acute leukaemia with washout of monocyte-like, usually strongly esterase-positive cells. There is often considerable gingival hyperplasia. Pronounced resistance to therapy. Specific skin changes are rare.

ManifestationThis section has been translated automatically.

Mostly occurring in adults. Occurs in acute or subacute monocyte leukemias.

Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.

  • Acute, disseminated, 0.3-5.0 cm large, partially scaly, brownish to bluish red papules, plaques or nodules.
  • Nodular form: multiple, brownish bluish red plaques and nodules which tend to confluence.
  • Diffuse infiltration of the gingiva with gingival hyperplasia.

HistologyThis section has been translated automatically.

  • Monomorphic, concentric or figurate pattern of neoplastic cells in cutis and subcutis, especially perivascular and periadnexual.
  • Immunohistology: Positive for lysozyme, LN2 (CD74) and MT1 (CD43).

Differential diagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.

Malignant lymphomas of high malignancy.

TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.

Treatment of the underlying disease by the internist. Skin alterations: soft X-ray therapy. Development of radiation resistance in a short time.

Progression/forecastThis section has been translated automatically.

Mostly exitus lethalis after 4-6 months.

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. Azoulay E et al (2003) Acute monocytic leukemia presenting as acute respiratory failure. At J Respir Crit Care Med 167: 1329-1333
  2. Fialkow PJ et al (1979) Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: expression in cells restricted to granulocytic and monocytic differentiation. N Engl J Med 301: 1-5
  3. Montuori N et al (1999) Expression of the 67-kDa laminin receptor in acute myeloid leukemia cells mediates adhesion to laminin and is frequently associated with monocytic differentiation. Clin Cancer Res 5: 1465-1472
  4. Murashige N et al (2002) Occurrence of acute monocytic leukemia in a case of untreated Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. At J Hematol 71: 94-97
  5. Sepp N et al (1993) Specific skin manifestations in acute leukemia with monocytic differentiation. Cancer 71: 124 -132

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer