LentigoL81.41

A term used very differently in dermatological usage, which is defined clinically on the one hand, but also histologically. In general, lentigo is understood to be a congenital or acquired, variably sized (lentigo refers to a maxial lens-sized pigment spot; lentigo = lens), usually occurring in plural (plural = lentigines), benign, yellow-brown to brown-black, well-bordered spot of the skin and/or mucosa (exception: lentigo maligna = in situ melanoma).

The cause is a melanocyte proliferation in the basal layer of the surface epithelium (especially in lentigo solaris, epidermal proliferation may also occur).

Lentigines may be a marker symptom for a genetic disorder, but also an indication of increased solar stress (see also Lentigines syndromes).

Basically, from a clinical and histological point of view, the following classification can be made:

• Lentigo simplex
• Lentigo solaris (lentigo senilis)
• Nevoid lentigo (initial melanocytic nevus)
• Lentigo maligna (melanoma in situ)
• Lentigo, reticular
• Lentigo of the mucosa.

Clinical classification and incidence of lentigo/lentigines:

• Acquired lentiginosis
  • Lentigo solaris after excessive UV exposure and/or fair-skinnedness.
  • Lentigines after PUVA therapy ( lentigo, reticular)
  • Lentigines after X-ray therapy
  • Melanosis, genital
• Lentiginosis as genodermatosis
  • Bandler syndrome
  • Cowden syndrome
  • Cronkhite-Canada syndrome
  • Dysplasia, anhidrotic ectodermal
  • Congenital melanotic spot of the tongue
  • LEOPARD syndrome
  • MMN syndrome
  • NAME syndrome
  • Noonan syndrome
  • Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
  • Lentiginosis centrofacialis
  • Lentiginosis perigenitoaxillaris
  • Palmo-plantar pigment spots
  • Xeroderma pigmentosum
  • Watson syndrome
  • Lentiginosis of unclear assignment
  • Speckled lentiginous nevus
  • Lentiginosis mediofacialis