Elastoidosis cutanea nodularis et cysticaL57.8

Solar (possibly combined with senile) atrophy, marked, nodular actinic elastosis with grouped, non-inflammatory, black, expressible comedones and yellowish follicular cysts.

Pathogenetically, the localization at chronic light-exposed, mostly hyperpigmented skin areas indicates chronic actinic damage of the cutaneous connective tissue. The resulting loss of elasticity of the connective tissue leads to horn retention in the follicles at the exposed sites (zygomatic bone), to multiple open, black stained, actinic comedones. The follicles are widened by the horn retention. In addition to open comedones, closed epithelial cysts can also be found in advanced clinical pictures. This results in a mixed picture of actinic elastosis, grouped (non-inflammatory) black comedones and deep-seated epithelial cysts.

Occurs mainly in men over 50 years of age and is more frequent in cases of nicotine abuse.

Areal, thickened, yellowish, but mostly distinctly brownish, hyperpigmented, wrinkled (elastotic) skin over the zygomatic arches, in the lateral periorbital and temporal region as well as on the nose (so-called lemon skin) and in the neck(cutis rhomboidalis nuchae).

Single, but mostly grouped, non-inflammatory comedones, with black horny plugs in strongly dilated follicular openings (open comedones) as well as larger whitish-yellowish follicular cysts filled with crumbly-greasy masses (closed comedones). In the zygomatic region, sometimes marked hypertrichosis.

Rarely, ectopic localization is possible (so-called actinic comedone plaque on the forearm).

Frequent combination with cutaneous precancerous lesions or carcinoma formation. Rarely, the clinical picture is an indication of an underlying porphyria cutanea tarda.

Severe areal or nodular elastosis of the upper and middle dermis, completely replacing the normal texture of the dermis; expanded horny follicles with hair segments, atrophy of the follicular wall and sebaceous glands. Frequent melanin deposits in the superficial horny lamellae.

Porphyria cutanea tarda (uro- and coproporphyrins); chronic terminal renal failure (dialysis patients). Strictly speaking, these are not differential diagnoses, but an identical process initiated by an underlying disease state.

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