Ceftazidim

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 30.09.2022

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Broad-spectrum cefalosporin of the 3rd generation.

Half-lifeThis section has been translated automatically.

1.7-2.1 hrs. (for newborns 6-8 hours).

Spectrum of actionThis section has been translated automatically.

Aeromonas hydrophila, Citrobacter spp., Clostridium perfringens, Enterobacter spp., E. coli, Hafnia alvei, Haemophilus spp., Klebsiella spp., Moraxella spp., Morganella morganii, Neisseria spp, Pasteurella multocida, Peptostreptococcus spp., Prevotella spp., Proteus spp., Providencia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Serratia spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Yersinia enterocolica

IndicationThis section has been translated automatically.

Severe, life-threatening respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, soft tissue, bone and joint infections.

Dosage and method of useThis section has been translated automatically.

  • 3 times/day 1 g or 2 times/day 2 g i.v. (max. 2-3 times/day 3 g).
  • Children: 25-50 mg/kg bw/day

Remember! In patients > 75 years of age only in case of very severe infections daily doses > 3 g/day!

Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.

Anaphylaxis due to cephlosporins:

In a larger study, 6.8 anaphylactic reactions per 100 000 intravenous exposures were demonstrated. The incidence of fatal anaphylaxis from cephalosporin was 0.1 cases per 100 000 exposures (Kang DY, MS et al. 2018).

The following incidences were found for each cephalosporin:

  • Ceftizoxime: 13.0 anaphylaxis per 100 000 exposures).
  • Cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime: 9.3 anaphylaxis per 100 000 exposures
  • Cefoxitin, cefmetazole, cefminox, and cefotiam: no anaphylactic reactions.

Neurologic UAWs(rare):

A major review (Lacroix L et al (2019) analyzed 511 reports of serious neurologic UAWs between 1987 and 2017. Patients had a mean age of 67.1 years (m:w= 1:1) with a mean creatinine clearance of 32.9 ml / min.These were observed with the following mostly parenterally administered (87.3%) cefalosporins:

  • Cefepime (33.1%)
  • ceftriaxone (29.7%)
  • ceftazidime (19.6%)
  • cefotaxime (9%)
  • cefazolin (2.9%)

The following neurological UAWs were diagnosed: encephalopathy (30.3%),confusional state (19.4%), convulsions (15.1%), myoclonia (9.4%), status epilepticus (9.2%), coma (6.3%), hallucination (4.3%).

PreparationsThis section has been translated automatically.

Fortum®

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. Kang DY, MS et al (2018) Incidence of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis and clinical efficacy of screening intradermal tests with cephalosporins: A large multicenter retrospective cohort study. Allergy 73:1833-1841.

  2. Lacroix L et al (2019) Serious central nervous system side effects of cephalosporins: A national analysis of serious reports registered in the French Pharmacovigilance Databas. J Neurol Sci 398:196-201

Authors

Last updated on: 30.09.2022

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer