Diet for gastrointestinal disorders, e.g. irritable bowel syndrome. The name originated from the abbreviation of food components to be avoided, mainly fermentable short-chain carbohydrates, in principle poorly to indigestible carbohydrates that can lead to fermentation processes in the intestine:
Fermentableshort-chain carbohydrates that can be rapidly degraded by intestinal bacteria.
Oligosaccharides(multiple sugars) such as fructans, galacto-oligosaccharides
Disaccharides(twofold sugars) such as lactose
Monosaccharides(simple sugars) such as fructose
And
Polyols (sugar alcohols) such as sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol, mannitol
These small osmotically acting, water-soluble molecules are hardly absorbed from the stomach into the small intestine, are also hardly absorbed there and reach the large intestine.This leads to fluid retention with the consequence of diarrhea. In the large intestine, methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen are produced as a result of rapid fermentation by the bacteria that have settled there.
Polysaccharides, which are much better tolerated here, are contained, for example, in potatoes, rice, legumes and beets.