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Celandine
Synonym(s)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
The celandine (Chelidonium majus) is a widespread, deciduous herbaceous plant species of the genus Chelidonium of the poppy family (Papaveraceae), originally native to the temperate and warm-temperate regions of Eurasia and the Mediterranean, but now also established in North America. The plant reaches a height of up to 70 centimetres and forms a branched rhizome. Its milky sap is yellow-orange and it flowers from May to October.
When the hairy stems are broken or the leaves are torn, a yellow-orange, poisonous milky sap comes out.
Celandine is the parent plant of Chelidonii herbae (officinal - Ph.Eur.8, Commission E), the whole or cut aerial parts of the plant collected and dried during the flowering season.
OccurrenceThis section has been translated automatically.
Chelidoni herbae contains numerous alkaloids including berberin, chelerythrin, chellidonin, coptisin, spartein, chellidoxanthin and sanguinarin. The alkaloids are present both in the above-ground parts of the plant and in the root.
Celandine extracts have in vitro toxic effects on viruses, bacteria, fungi and weakly cytotoxic effects on human cells (the cause is the content of chellidonin, coptisin and protopin). Chelerythrin and Sanguinarin represent the irritant toxic principle of the plant. Both also have a cytotoxic effect.
Spectrum of actionThis section has been translated automatically.
Slightly spasmolytic in the upper digestive tract, choleretic, cholekinetic, antiphlogistic, analgesic, central depressant, antimicrobial, cyotoxic.
Internal: component of liver and bile teas. Mean daily dose 2-5g of the drug or.12-30mg total alkaloids, calculated as chelidomine.
Externally: In folk medicine, the milk juice of the plant is used externally for skin diseases such as warts, either native or as an ointment.
The native juice is applied to a wart 1x a day for several days. The efficiency of the therapy has been proven several times.
In cosmetics Chelidonium majus extract (INCI) is used as an anti-dandruff agent.
Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.
In case of oral intake: Alkaloid poisoning with vomiting and diarrhea. Local irritation of the skin.
In case of exceeding the daily dose (alkaloids over 20 mg) possibly increase of liver values, bilirubin concentration, possibly toxic hepatitis.
ContraindicationThis section has been translated automatically.
History or manifest liver disease, concomitant administration of other preparations toxic to the liver, pregnancy and lactation, children << 12 years of age.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- BfArM:Stufenplanbescheid vom 9.4.2008. Quoted from a-t (2018) 49:22-23.
- Capistrano I R et al. (2015) In vitro and in vivo investigations on the antitumour activity of Chelidonium majus. Phytomedicine 22:1279-1287.
- Deljanin M et al. (2016) Chelidonium majus crude extract inhibits migration and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol 190:362-371.
- Kim SH et al. (2015) Chelidonine, a principal isoquinoline alkaloid of Chelidonium majus, attenuates eosinophilic airway inflammation by suppressing IL-4 and eotaxin-2 expression in asthmatic mice. Pharmacol Rep 67:1168-1177.
- Mikołajczak PŁ et al.(2015) Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of extracts from herb of Chelidonium majus L. Cent Eur J Immunol 40:400-410.
- Yang G et al. (2011) Inhibitory effects of Chelidonium majus extract on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Ethnopharmacol 138:398-403.
- Commissiion E: Chelidoni herbae.
- Wenigmann M.(2017) Phytotherapy medicinal drugs phytopharmaceuticals application.Urban & Fischer: 5.104 Celandine (Chelidonii herbae): S 190-192
- https://arzneipflanzenlexikon.info/schoellkraut.php