Musculo-contractival ehlers-danlos syndromeQ79.6

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 21.07.2021

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Synonym(s)

mcEDS; Musculo-contractival EDS; musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a heterogeneous group of hereditary connective tissue diseases whose main clinical features are overstretchability of the skin and hyperreflexia of the joints. Depending on the type of disease and the underlying gene mutations, vessels, muscles, ligaments, tendons and internal organs are also affected (Brinckmann J 2018).

So far, 19 gene mutations are known to trigger EDS. The various mutations lead to changes in the structure, production or processing of collagen or of proteins that interact with collagen. The frequency of occurrence in the population is assumed to be 1:5,000 to 1:10,000, making EDS a rare disease (orphan disease).

The very rare musculo-contractival Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance. Mutations in the genes CHST14 and DSE are the cause of mcEDS. mcEDS-CHST-14 is caused by mutations in the CHST14 gene, a gene located on chromosome 15q15.1 and coding for dermatansulfotransferase-1 (see below dermatansulphate). The second gene which triggers this phenotype is DSE (6q22.1), a gene coding for dermatan sulfate pimerase-1. It is characterized by hyperextensibility of the skin, increased skin vulnerability, atrophic scarring and increased wrinkling in the palms of the hands. mcEDS leads to congenital contractures (Brady et al. 2017).

Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.

Major symptoms:

  • Skin: hyperelasticity, hematoma tendency, skin fragility with atrophic scars, increased palmar wrinkling. Congenital: multiple contractures, craniofacial dysmorphia.

Minor symptoms:

  • Skeletal: recurrent or chronic dislocations, thoracic deformities, (kypho) scoliosis, prominent finger shape, progressive foot deformities.
  • Eyes: strabismus, defective vision, glaucoma

Other:

DiagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.

  • Detection of the genetic defects;
  • Major symptoms congenital multiple contractures and craniofacial dysmorphy +
  • characteristic skin findings

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. Brady A et al (2017): Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, rare types. In: Ehlers-Danlos Society. American Journal of Medical Genetics 175C:70-115
  2. Brinckmann J (2018) Hereditary connective tissue diseases. In. Plewig et al. (Ed.) Braun-Falco`s Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Springer Reference Medizin S 883-890
  3. Bowen et al (2017): Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classical type. American Journal of Medical Genetics 175C:17-39
  4. Byers PH et al (2019): Diagnosis, natural history and management in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics 175C:40-47
  5. Caraffi SG et al (2019) Severe Peripheral Joint Laxity is a Distinctive Clinical Feature of Spondylodysplastic-Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS)-B4GALT7 and Spondylodysplastic-EDS-B3GALT6. Genes (Basel) 10. pii: E799. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31614862
  6. Chopra P et al (2017): Pain management in the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes. American J Howard R et al (2020) Ruptured ulnar artery aneurysm in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 6:71-74.
  7. Giunta, C., Elcioglu, N. H., Albrecht, B., Eich, G., Chambaz, C., Janecke, A. R., Yeowell, H., Weis, M., Eyre, D. R., Kraenzlin, M., Steinmann, B. Spondylocheiro dysplastic form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome--an autosomal recessive entity caused by mutations in the zinc transporter gene SLC39A13. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1290-1305, 2008.
  8. Giunta C et al (2008) Spondylocheiro dysplastic form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome--an autosomal recessive entity caused by mutations in the zinc transporter gene SLC39A13. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1290-1305, 2008.
  9. Giunta C et al (2008) Spondylocheiro dysplastic form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome--an autosomal recessive entity caused by mutations in the zinc transporter gene SLC39A13.Am. J Hum Genet 82: 1290-1305
  10. Giunta, C., Elcioglu, N. H., Albrecht, B., Eich, G., Chambaz, C., Janecke, A. R., Yeowell, H., Weis, M., Eyre, D. R., Kraenzlin, M., Steinmann, B. Spondylocheiro dysplastic form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome--an autosomal recessive entity caused by mutations in the zinc transporter gene SLC39A13. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82: 1290-1305, 2008.
  11. Howard R et al (2020) Ruptured ulnar artery aneurysm in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 6:71-74.
  12. Kosho T et al (2019) Recent Advances in the Pathophysiology of Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 11 doi: 10.3390/genes11010043.
  13. Sandal S et al (2018) Novel mutation in the CHST14 gene causing musculocontractural type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. BMJ Case Rep doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226165.
  14. Uehara M et al (2018) Spinal manifestations in 12 patients with musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14). At J Med Genet 176:2331-2341.

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Last updated on: 21.07.2021