Anca $$$

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

Last updated on: 28.08.2021

Synonym(s)

Antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibodies"; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies; Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies; Cytoplasmic antibodies antineutrophilic

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

ANCA is an acronym for "antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibodies", a collective term for cytoplasmic(lysosomal) antigens in neutrophil granulocytes. Cytoplasmatic antigens (cANCA) and perinuclear antigens (pANCA; e.g. myeloperoxidase) are distinguished on the basis of the fluorescence pattern and localisation within the cell.

General informationThis section has been translated automatically.

According to the pattern produced by indirect immunofluorescence on human leukocytes can be divided as follows:

cANCA (cytoplasmic ANCA; PR3-ANCA): directed against proteinase-3 (e.g. in granulomatosis with polyangiitis=Wegener's granulomatosis).
pANCA (perinuclear ANCA; MPO-ANCA): directed against peroxidases of myeloid cells (see below Churg-Strauss syndrome, microscopic polyangiitis). Optional in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease.
xANCA (atypical ANCA): directed against elastase, lactoferrin, lysozyme, cathepsin G (autoimmune liver diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases).

Normal value: The reference range is not detectable.

Pathologically elevated: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus, Churg-Strauss syndrome, microscopic panarteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, vasculitis of medium and large vessels.

ImplementationThis section has been translated automatically.

Test material: Serum.

Determination method:

Indirect IFT: on ethanol-fixed granulocytes
ELISA with purified antigen: cANCA →neutrale Proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA); pANCA → Myeloperoxidase

Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.

The cANCA have a pathogenetic significance in that, after binding of the antibody to granulocytes, they induce a cascade of immunological processes which finally lead to cytokine release, endothelial activation and lymphocytic infiltration of the small vessels with consecutive vasculitis.

Authors

Last updated on: 28.08.2021

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer