Images (1)
Total leukonychiaQ84.4
Synonym(s)
Complete leukonychia; milky nails; Nail disorder, Nonsyndromic congenital 3; NDNC3; OMIM 58 151600; Porcelain nails; Porecelain nails; total leukonychia; True Leuconychia
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Complete white discoloration of one or more, also of all finger/foot nails without other changes to the nail plate. The nails lose their transparency due to a parakeratotic keratinization of the ventral horny layers of the nail plate.
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
Hereditary (OMIM 58 151600):
- "True Leukonychia": Autosomal dominant (autosomal recessive cases are also described) inherited, total white coloration of all 20 nails. Often epidermal cysts are also present. Caused by mutations of the PLCD1 gene (phospholipase C delta-1 gene on chromosome 3p22.2, which codes for the corresponding enzyme. Phospholipase C delta-1 was detected in the nail matrix and is partly responsible for the physiological growth of the matrix).
- Hereditary leukonychia may also be syndromally associated with keratoderma and deafness.
Acquired (idiopathic or as a result of other diseases):
- Chronic liver diseases(liver cirrhosis) - Leucopathy
- M. Addison
- Viral infections (e.g. HIV),
Differential diagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.
TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.
Not known.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Farooq M et al (2012) A novel mutation in the PLCD1 gene, which leads to an aberrant splicing event, underlies autosomal recessive leuconychia. Br J Dermatol 167:946-949
- Ganesh A et al (2014) Idiopathic congenital true leukonychia totalis. Indian Dermatol Online J 5(Suppl 1): S65-66
- Pielasinski-Rodríguez Ú et al (2012) Acquired total leukonychia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Actas Dermosifiliogr 103:934-935
- Turner MR (2013) Unilateral leukonychia and hair depigmentation in multifocal motor neuropathy. Neurology 81:1800-1801