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Salmon patchQ82.5
Synonym(s)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Mostly congenital, harmless, merely cosmetically disturbing, capillary malformation without any tendency to vascular proliferation, as observed in asymmetrical vascular hamartomas (naevu flammeus). There are no known syndromal associations with other vascular organ malformations in fissural vascular hamartomas. These patches also do not represent cutaneous mosaics in the sense of postzygotic mutations.
Occurrence/EpidemiologyThis section has been translated automatically.
Unna spots occur in up to 40-50% of newborns. Turkoglu Z et al. (2010) observed Unna spots in the forehead area over 3 generations.
EtiopathogenesisThis section has been translated automatically.
It is probably a circumscribed maturation delay of the sympathetic vascular innervation and not a postzygotic mutation (a cutaneous genetic mosaic is therefore excluded), as is the case, for example, with lateralized, asymmetric nevus flammeus (mutation in GNAQ/GNA11).
LocalizationThis section has been translated automatically.
The symmetrical vascular malformations occurring in the medial line (no hamartomas of the skin) are mainly localized in the area of the embryonic closure ridges (fissral vascular malformations), e.g. on the neck (stork bite), the middle of the forehead or glabella (angel kiss or salmon spot), on the upper eyelids and wings of the nose.
Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.
Light red or dull red, 0.5-10.0 cm large, bizarrely bordered, inhomogeneous spots.
Particularly described are:
- the Unna-Politzer neck nevus
- and
- the salmon spot in the middle of the forehead (stork bite).
The Unna-Politzer neck nevus often does not regress - in contrast to the salmon spot in the middle of the forehead, which is usually capable of regression.
TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.
Treatment is not necessary for medical reasons. The skin changes are usually not cosmetically disturbing.
For cosmetic therapy indication: see below. Nevus flammeus.
Progression/forecastThis section has been translated automatically.
Favorable, no progression, tendency to regress during infancy. They are therefore referred to as ′′fading macular stains".
No tubero-nodular transformation as in lateralized nevus flammeus which is the cutaneous sign of Sturge-Weber-Krabbe syndrome.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Csoma Z et al. (2014) Birth marks and neonatal skin disorders. From angel kiss to epidermolysis bullosa]. Orv Hetil 155:500-508
- Merlob P et al. (1985) Familial nevus flammeus of the forehead and Unna's nevus. Clin Genet 27:165-166.
- Turkoglu Z et al. (2010) Angel's kiss in three generations. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 76:592.