ERCC2 Gene

Last updated on: 26.01.2022

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

The ERCC2 gene (ERCC Excision Repair 2, TFIIH Core Complex Helicase Subunit) is a protein coding gene located on chromosome 19q13.32. The ERCC2 gene functions as a DNA repair gene involved in double helix separation via a 5'-3' helicase activity. It forms part of the so-called "transcription factor II-human complex (TFIIH)" and is ATP-dependent. The TFIIH complex is known to be involved in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, which can repair DNA damage caused by chemotherapeutic treatment and basal transcription.

ERCC2 variants have been observed in a variety of cancers. A number of studies suggest that ERCC2 variants may function as biomarkers to predict response to neoadjuvant treatment and cancer prognosis.

General informationThis section has been translated automatically.

The ATP-dependent helicase activity of XPD/ERCC2 is required for DNA opening. In transcription, TFIIH plays an essential role in transcription initiation. After formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC), TFIIH is required for promoter opening and exit. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module CAK controls transcription initiation. XPD/ERCC2 forms a bridge between CAK and the core TFIIH complex. Involved in the regulation of vitamin D receptor activity. As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex, plays a role in chromosome segregation. Possibly plays a role in the aging process and may play a causative role in the development of skin cancer.

Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.

Mutations in the ERCC2 gene can lead to three different diseases:

Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

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Last updated on: 26.01.2022