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Ecchymosis syndrome, painfulR23.8
Synonym(s)
HistoryThis section has been translated automatically.
Diamond and Gardner 1955
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Symptoms occurring almost exclusively in women, characterized by intermittent manifestation of painful skin bleeding and other multiple accompanying symptoms. The skin changes can be provoked by injection of autologous erythrocytes. Multiple interpretation of the clinical picture as conversion neurosis.
EtiopathogenesisThis section has been translated automatically.
Total unknown. Discussed are:
- ychogenic influences,
- .autosensitization to erythrocyte phosphoglycerides...
- bstances released by neurohormones that increase vascular permeability.
ManifestationThis section has been translated automatically.
The disease manifests itself in the 1st - 5th decade of life, with women affected in 90% of cases . Rarely seen in infants.
LocalizationThis section has been translated automatically.
The skin changes frequently occur in the area of the upper and lower extremities, but less frequently in the head and neck area.
Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.
Initially, prodromes in the form of itching, stinging, burning pain. A few hours later, development of edematous, overheated, pressure-sensitive erythema. After 1 day transition to ecchymosis, slow extension of the lesions. Healing without scars after 1-2 weeks. Provocation by trauma.
Besides, multiple accompanying symptoms: fever, loss of weight, lassitude, muscular and headache, arthralgias, gastrointestinal symptoms (cramps, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhoea), epistaxis, haemoptysis, haematuria.
Almost in all cases neurotic personality structure: depressiveness, emotional immaturity, masochistic traits.
HistologyThis section has been translated automatically.
Extravasation of erythrocytes in the dermis with perivascular lymphocytes and hemorrhage into the dermis and subcutis.
DiagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.
Differential diagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.
TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.
Symptomatic therapy e.g. with ointments containing heparin(e.g. Vetren ointment), analgesic medication such as paracetamol (e.g. Ben-u-ron Tbl.) or, if necessary, tramadol (e.g. Tramal Kps.).
Therapeutically, the connection to a psychiatrist, a psychotherapy as well as a drug therapy with e.g. antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines is recommended.
Topically, glucocorticoid-containing topical preparations may be used.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Behrendt C et al (2001) Painful bruising syndrome. dermatologist 52: 634-637
- Edinger LK et al (2013) Gardner-Diamond syndrome associated with complex regional pain syndrome. J Dermatol Case Rep 7:10-14
- Frantzen E et al (1990) Gardner-Diamond Syndrome. dermatologist 41: 168-170
- Gardner FH, Diamond LK (1955) Autoerythrocyte sensitization. A form of purpura producing painful bruising following autosensitization to red blood cells in certain women. Blood 10: 675-690
- Hagemeier L et al (2011) Gardner-Diamond syndrome: a rare differential diagnosis of child abuse. Br J Dermatol 164: 672-673
- Jafferany M et al (2015) Psychogenic Purpura (Gardner-Diamond Syndrome). Prim Care Companion CNS Disord doi: 10.4088/PCC.14br01697
- Karatosun V et al (2003) Autoerythrocyte sensitization (Gardner-Diamond) syndrome mimicking compartment syndrome. Arch Orthopedic Trauma Surgery 123: 370-371
- Pevny I et al (1982) The erythrocytic sensitization syndrome. Dermatologist 33: 251-256
- Sridharan M et al (2019) The Mayo Clinic Experience With Psychogenic Purpura (Gardner-Diamond Syndrome). On J Med Sci 357:411-420.
- Tainwala RR et al (2013) Perplexing purpura in two females: Rare case of autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome. Indian Dermatol Online J 4:305-308