Diamine oxidase

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

All authors of this article

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Dieser Artikel auf Deutsch

Synonym(s)

DAO; Histaminase

Requires free registration (medical professionals only)

Please login to access all articles, images, and functions.

Our content is available exclusively to medical professionals. If you have already registered, please login. If you haven't, you can register for free (medical professionals only).


Requires free registration (medical professionals only)

Please complete your registration to access all articles and images.

To gain access, you must complete your registration. You either haven't confirmed your e-mail address or we still need proof that you are a member of the medical profession.

Finish your registration now

DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Copper-containing enzyme that is essential for the degradation of histamine and other biogenic amines (e.g. cadaverine, dopamine, phenethylamine, putrescine, serotonin, tyramine, noradrenaline). The enzyme is produced by enterocytes. The activity of the diamine oxidase defines the degradation rate and thus the elimination of biogenic amines (especially histamine). A lack of DAO or a reduced biological activity leads to intolerance phenomena on biogenic amines (see below histamine intolerance). Causes can be gastrointestinal diseases, e.g. gastrointestinal infections, a lack of trace elements as well as rare congenital enzyme defects. DAO-inhibitors are alcohol and various drugs. Drugs (see below histamine intolerance). In the case of histamine intolerance, in addition to reduced DAO activity, increased histamine values and low vitamin B6 (vitamin B6 acts as a co-factor) and copper (enzyme contains copper) levels are often found.

ImplementationThis section has been translated automatically.

The DAO determination is carried out in EDTA plasma or serum (stored cool 2-8°C); minimum sample volume 2 ml. Samples stored in a cool place are stable for a maximum of one week and can be sent by mail in a Thermo-Styropor-Bag. Important: Freshly collected samples (plasma or serum) must be centrifuged and stored in a cool place immediately after blood collection. Evaluation:
  • DAO < 3 U/ml: very low enzyme activity
  • DAO 3 - 10 U/ml: average enzyme activity
  • DAO > 10 U/ml: normal enzyme activity.

Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.

Alcohol inhibits the enzyme activity of DAO, simultaneously enhances the absorption of histamine, and induces a non-IgE-mediated release of histamine from mast cells and basophils.

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. Wlodarz M et al (2010) Tyramine intolerance as a cause of recurrent facial flushing. JDDG 8: 955

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer