CCR4 inhibitors

C-C chemokine receptor type 4 inhibitors (CCR4 inhibitors) are a class of drugs used to treat mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome, the most common subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).

The only drug that belongs to this class is"Mogamulizumab", a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets CCR4 (a protein encoded by the CCR4 gene in humans) and has potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic effects. They selectively bind to CCR4 and inhibit its activity, thereby blocking the CCR4-mediated signal transduction pathway, which in turn blocks T-cell proliferation, cell migration, and chemokine-mediated angiogenesis.

CCR4 inhibitors are administered intravenously, usually once weekly for the first four doses and then once every two weeks for as long as treatment continues.

In versch. Studies have evaluated the humanized CCR4 monoclonal antibody, mogamulizumab, in relapsed/refractory MF and SS, showing a significant benefit in progression-free survival (PFS). Mogamulizumab was approved by the FDA in August 2018 for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory MF/SS who have failed at least one treatment. The approval was based on the Phase III MAVORIC trial, which compared mogamulizumab to vorinostat, an FDA-approved drug for this indication, in 372 patients. In this study, mogamulizumab was found to have superior PFS with a median of 7.7 months compared to 3.1 months in the vorinostat group.

CCR4 inhibitors are indicated for adults with relapsed or refractory mycosis fungoides or Sezary syndrome after at least one prior systemic therapy.

Some of the most common side effects are:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• constipation
• Diarrhea
• abdominal pain
• Headache
• tiredness/weakness
• Sores in the mouth
• joint/muscle pain
• dryness of the skin
• Other rare side effects include:
• Dizziness
• tiredness
• hair loss
• anemia (low red blood cell count)
• insomnia
• shortness of breath
• chills, sore throat, fever or cough
• Thrombocytopenia, hypocalcemia,hypophosphatemia, hypertension, edema of the hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs, hyperglycemia, upper respiratory tract infections.

Mogamulizumab

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