Capnocytophaga infectionA49.9

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Infections caused by Capnocytophaga spp., especially bacterial periodontitis, abscesses in the ENT area and lung infections.

PathogenThis section has been translated automatically.

  • Capnocytophaga spp. are gram-negative rods that can grow in anaerobic but also in microaerophilic (capnophilic) environments, i.e. environmentsrich in CO2. They are therefore not obligatory anaerobic. Capnocytophaga spp. are morphologically similar to Fusobacteria.
  • C. gingivalis, C. granulosa, C. haemolytica, C. ochracea and C. sputigena belong to the normal human pharyngeal flora. The human species are therefore only important as opportunistic pathogens.
  • C. canimorsus and C. cynodegmi colonize the mouth and throat of dogs and cats.

ManifestationThis section has been translated automatically.

In immunocompromised patients.

Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.

  • Juvenile periodontitis: C. gingivalis and C. ochracea.
  • Adult periodontitis: C. sputigena.
  • Capnocytophaga spp. occasionally cause localized inflammation, e.g. abscesses in the ENT area, especially in immunocompromised patients.
  • In immunocompromised patients sepsis, peritonitis and osteomyelitis are possible.
  • C. canimorsus and cynodegmi can be isolated from wound infections after animal bites. C. cynodegmi causes localised infections, while C. canimorsus tends to cause systemic infections.

DiagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.

Detection by culture, RFLP.

TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.

  • For local infections: surgical excision.
  • For systemic infections: broad spectrum cephalosporins (e.g. cefotaxime), carbapenems (e.g. imipenem/cilastatin), gyrase inhibitors (e.g. ciprofloxacin), macrolides (e.g. clindamycin). Resistance to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, aztreonam and metronidazole is known.

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. Conrads G, Mutters R, Seyfarth I, Fur K (1998) DNA-probes for the differences of Capnocytophaga species. Mol Probes 11: 323-328
  2. Williams BLC, Hammond BF (1979) Capnocytophaga: new genus of gramnegative gliding bacteria. IV. DNA basecomposition and sequence homology. Arch Microbiol 122: 29-33

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer