Angiomyxoma cutaneousD23.-

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

All authors of this article

Last updated on: 06.09.2023

Dieser Artikel auf Deutsch

Synonym(s)

Angiomyxoma; cutaneous myxoma; focal dermal mucinosis; Mucinosis focal cutaneous; superficial angiomyxoma

Requires free registration (medical professionals only)

Please login to access all articles, images, and functions.

Our content is available exclusively to medical professionals. If you have already registered, please login. If you haven't, you can register for free (medical professionals only).


Requires free registration (medical professionals only)

Please complete your registration to access all articles and images.

To gain access, you must complete your registration. You either haven't confirmed your e-mail address or we still need proof that you are a member of the medical profession.

Finish your registration now

DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Rare, benign, dermal or subcutaneous new formation(s) consisting of mucus tissue, which can occur solitary or multiple times.

Cutaneous angiomyxomas usually occur monotopically as harmless neoplasms in the skin.

Cutaneous myxomas can be partial symptoms of syndromic entities (see below NAME syndrome or LAMB or Carney syndrome - cardiac and cutaneous myxomas, pigment disorders, neuroendocrine tumors).

EtiopathogenesisThis section has been translated automatically.

Unclear, discussed are dominant inheritance, excessive production of acidic mucopolysaccharides of fibroblasts of unclear genesis and persistence of embryonic connective tissue.

ManifestationThis section has been translated automatically.

Occurs more frequently between the 2nd and 3rd decade of life, with extracutaneous localisation preferably between the 6th and 7th decade of life.

LocalizationThis section has been translated automatically.

extremities, neck and neck, genitals

Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.

Papular or nodular, flat, completely asymptomatic, soft, gentle protrusions of unchanged or slightly reddened skin. From time to time discharge of a stringy mucus possible. The changes develop very slowly and are perceived more as cosmetic disturbances than as "disease".

The (systemic) myxomas occurring in NAME syndrome are localized acrally on the skin (see below NAME syndrome).

HistologyThis section has been translated automatically.

A tumour localised in the dermis and subcutis, usually multilobular, clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissue, but not encapsulated. Spindly or star-shaped, reticularly connected cells are found. Storage of gelatinous substances in the meshwork, ectatic vessels. S.a.u. Myxoma cavernosum. Capillary vessel sections of varying density.

Differential diagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.

Fibroma molle: Solitary or more commonly multiple, approximately 0.1-0.5 cm (or larger), skin-colored, red or red-brown, soft skin polyps, usually narrow-based on the skin. They consist of connective tissue with variable epidermal, melanocytic, vascular or lipogenic involvement. If the surface is more keratinized (e.g. in case of permanent mechanical irritation), these fibromas are called "fibrokeratoma Unna". mostly smaller, protuberant, soft, skin-colored, multinodular tumors

Lipoma: slow-growing, soft to firm well-demarcated, subcutaneous, skin-colored growth. Often occurring in plural forms.

Acral persistent papular mucinosis: Rare, papular mucinosis considered a topographically distinct special form of localized lichen myxoedematosus. The disease is characterized by mostly symmetrical, asymptomatic (only occasionally mild itching is reported), ivory to skin-colored, 0.2-0.5 cm papules, especially on the backs of the hands and the extensor forearms.

TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.

Progression/forecastThis section has been translated automatically.

The propensity for malignant degeneration is assessed differently; myxomas tend to recur.

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. Alaiti S et al (2000) Solitary cutaneous myxoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 43: 377-379.
  2. Allen PW et al (1988) Superficial angiomyxomas with and without epithelial components. Report of 30 tumors in 28 patients. Am J Surg Pathol 12: 519-530.
  3. Calikoglu E et al (2002) Hyaluronate accumulation and decreased CD44 expression in perifollicular solitary cutaneous myxoma. Dermatology 205: 122-126
  4. Choi HJ et al (2007) Unusual presentation of solitary cutaneous myxoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 21:403-404.
  5. Fetsch JF et al (1997) Superficial angiomyxoma (cutaneous myxoma): a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases arising in the genital region. Int J Gynecol Pathol 16: 325-334
  6. Lee YB et al (2021) Myxoma Coexisting with an Epidermal Cyst: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review. Ann Dermatol 33:591-593.
  7. Li Y et al (2003) Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection associated with atrial myxoma. Am J Pathol 163: 2407-2412.
  8. Kahn SL et al (2014) Angiomyxoma of the nasal dorsum treated by Mohs surgery. Australas J Dermatol doi: 10.1111/ajd.12245
  9. Kura MM et al (2014) Solitary superficial acral angiomyxoma: an infrequently reported soft tissue tumor. Indian J Dermatol 59: 529
  10. Nishimoto K et al (2004) Surrounding muscle edema detected by MRI is valuable for diagnosis of intramuscular myxoma. Oncol Rep 11: 143-148
  11. Senff H et al (1988) Cutaneous myxoma (focal dermal mucinosis). Dermatologist 39: 606-610

Authors

Last updated on: 06.09.2023