"Sodium" refers to the element sodium, "carboxymethyl" means that individual hydroxy groups (mostly of sugar molecules) are linked to a carboxymethyl group (-CH2-COOH) as ether.
Sodium Carboxymethyl Oleyl Polypropylamine is a substance which contains oleyl alcohol (octadec-9-en-1-ol) as alcoholic component and is used in cosmetic preparations. The substance acts there as a surfactant (washing-active substance), hair conditioning agent (makes the hair easy to comb, smooth, soft and shiny and gives it volume) and antistatic agent (reduces static charges by neutralizing the electric charge on the surface of e.g. hair).