Gele
Synonym(s)
Gel; Mucilagines
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Gels are finely dispersed systems of at least 2 phases:
- liquid/solid - a solid, finely dispersed substance and a liquid - usually water (lyogel)
- gaseous/solid (xerogels). Xerogels are obtained by removing the mechanically held liquid phase.
In gels, the solid disperse phase is present as a coherent three-dimensional framework in which the liquid or gaseous phase is enclosed. Both phases penetrate each other completely, i.e. they behave bicoherently.
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
There are different types of gel:
- Anhydrous oleo gels (oleogels): They generally consist of liquid paraffin with polyethylene or fatty oils.
- Hydrogels (hydrophilic gels): They consist of water, glycerol or propylene glycol.
Various substances serve as gel formers:
- Animal gel formers (gelatine)
- Vegetable gel formers(agar, alginates, carrageenan, pectins, quince seeds, wheat starch
- Mineral gel formers: Magnesium aluminium silicates
- Synthetic gel formers: polyacrylic acid, methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrollidine, polivinyl alcohol
Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.
Gels are used either as cosmetic or pharmaceutical carrier media for ointments and creams. They also serve as hair gels for forming a hairstyle.