Polysorbate 80 is a derivative of sorbitol (E 420). It is authorised as a food additive under the number E 433.
Like all polysorbates, the substance acts as an emulsifier that can be used regardless of the temperature and acidity of its environment. Polysorbates stabilize the structure of fats and foams.
Polysorbates are produced from sorbitol and fatty acids. The production of edible fatty acids from animal fats is possible, but usually vegetable fats are used.