PAMP
Synonym(s)
pathogen associated molecular patterns
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Acronym for "pathogen associated molecular patterns". PAMP stands for the eminently important principle of innate immunity of not recognizing every possible antigen, but only a few, highly conserved molecular patterns or antigen structures ("pathogen-associated molecular patterns"). PAMPs include proteins, lipids, lipoproteins, carbohydrate compounds, flagellin or microbial nucleic acids. The recognition of such PAMPs is mediated by germline-encoded receptors of the innate immune system(Pattern Recognition Receptors = PRRs). These include:
- Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
- C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
- the RIG-like helicase (RLRs)
- the NOD-like receptors (NLRs)
- the cytosolic DNA sensors DAI, RNA polymerase and AIM2.
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
The PAMPs are chemically very different substances, e.g.:
- Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein ( LPS)
- Peptidoglycans (components of the bacterial cell membrane)
- Lipoteichonic acids (components of the bacterial cell membrane)
- bacterial DNA
- bacterial double-stranded RNA.
General informationThis section has been translated automatically.
PAMPs have certain common features and are essential for the pathogenicity of the micro-organism. The cells of the innate immune system recognize these structures and react immediately without prior proliferation. The receptors that can be jointly expressed on a cell (see below immunity, acquired) are called pattern recognition receptors(PPRs).
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Averbeck M et al (2007) Immunological basics of allergies. JDDG 5: 1015-1028