N-isopropyl-n?-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
Synonym(s)
IPPD
General informationThis section has been translated automatically.
Evaluation of N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine with regard to the effect of an allergy on the reduction of earning capacity:
- N-Isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD) belongs to the group of rubber additives and is used as an antioxidant and antiozonant in statically and dynamically highly stressed vulcanization products of natural or synthetic rubber, mainly in the industrial sector. The antioxidant or weathering agent is concentrated mainly on the outside of the rubber product and prevents oxidative degradation of the compounds added to the rubber, i.e. cracking of the rubber. IPPD also gives the rubber product a grey or blackish colour (black rubber).
- In the DKG standard and rubber series, IPPD 0.1% V is used as a detection substance for allergies to black rubber products.
- Relevant occupational exposures: At rubber manufacturers and processors and at vulcanizers. IPPD can also be found in personal effects (diving suits, diving masks and goggles, protective suits and goggles, breathing masks, gloves, boots, squash balls, motorcycle handles, watch straps, chains for glasses, eyelash curlers), where the contact allergen is usually interchangeable.
- According to literature, an IPPD concentration of 0.01% is sufficient for sensitization. Often the processed IPPD concentrations of rubber products are significantly higher, up to 1.5%. The frequency of sensitisation to IPPD is about 1%. Experience shows that about 50% of the sensitizations can be attributed to occupational exposure.
Notice!
A positive epicutaneous reaction should therefore initially make one think of occupational exposure. - Effect of allergy: Usually "mild", "moderate" in cross-reactions between IPPD and other aromatic compounds substituted in the parasite position. The latter is then justified by the higher degree of sensitisation.
Notice! Activities in rubber production, vulcanisation, tyre production and activities in the motor vehicle trade are excluded.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Diepgen TL et al. (2005) Evidence-based assessment of the effect of type IV allergies in the reduction of earning capacity - assessment of occupational skin diseases. Dermatologist 56: 207-223
- Diepgen TL et al (2008) Assessment of the effect of allergies in the reduction of earning capacity in the context of BK 5101: Thiurams, mercaptobenzothiazoles, dithiocarbamates, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine. Dermatology at work and in the environment 56: 11-24