Gyrase inhibitors; Gyrase-Hemmer; Fluorchinolone;

Synonym(s)

Quinolones

Definition
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Group of antibiotics belonging to the group of quinolones that act by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase (gyrase) involved in DNA transcription and replication. Belonging to this group are, among others:

Pharmacodynamics (Effect)
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Fluoroquinolones are topisomerase (gyrase) inhibitors with bactericidal activity. They inhibit the two bacterial topoisomerases II (DNA gyrase) and IV. Both enzymes are responsible for the folding and twisting(supercoiling) and the correct packaging of the double-stranded ring-shaped DNA in the bacterial chromosome. They thus ensure the regular course of DNA replication and transcription. Fluoroquinolones belong to the group of concentration-dependent antibiotics.

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Indication
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Infections, especially from gram-negative germs. Ciprofloxacin has the best activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Undesirable effects
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Gastrointestinal disorders; CNS disorders; exanthema, pruritus; photosensitization.

Interactions
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See Table 1.

Contraindication
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Pregnancy, lactation, children and adolescents in the growth phase.

Tables
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Significant interactions of gyrase inhibitors

Antacids, mineral	Absorption of gyrase inhibitors ↓
Anticoagulants, oral	Bleeding tendency ↑
Ciclosporin	Ciclosporin levels ↑
Fenbufen	Seizures ↑
Glibenclamide	Hypoglycemia ↑
Theophylline	Theophylline concentration and effect ↑